PURPOSE To analyze the prognostic factors for mental retardation in patients with tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC). METHODS We retrospectively reviewed 35 in-patients with TSC in a medical center and analyzed the clinical features. 19 of 32 patients (59.4%) fulfilled the classical diagnosis of tuberous sclerosis. According to the diagnostic criteria of Roach et al., 30 patients had definite T...

We analyzed sexual function in 29 women suffering from focal epilepsy using the Female Sexual Function Index, Beck Depression Inventory, Beck Anxiety Inventory and a battery of laboratory tests were performed to find possible correlations and differences. A total FSFI score lower than the predefined cut-off score was found in 20.7% women and the presence of at least one subtype of sexual dysfun...

Within the group of anticonvulsant drugs Carbamazepine (CBZ) is typically used in treatment seizure disorders. It applied partial, tonic-clonic and mixed seizures due to epilepsy or other reasons, neuropathic pain, certain mental This paper gives a quick overview pharmacological properties CBZ including its metabolism pathway CYP interactions.

Mice deficient in the glial water channel aquaporin-4 (AQP4) show decreased cerebral edema and improved neurological outcome following water intoxication or ischemic challenge. In this report, we tested seizure susceptibility in AQP4 mice. AQP4 mice and wild-type controls were given the chemoconvulsant pentylenetetrazol (PTZ) and monitored for seizure activity. At 40 mg/kg PTZ, all wild-type mi...

BACKGROUND Despite the increasing number and variety of antiepileptic drugs, nearly 30 % of epileptic patients who receive appropriate medical attention have persisting seizures. Anticonvulsant activity has been demonstrated for different iridoid glycoside-rich plant extracts. This study was designed to investigate the anticonvulsant effects of iridoid glycosides purified from Feretia apodanthe...

A 17-year-old girl had a generalized tonic-clonic seizure (GTCS) shortly after waking up in the morning in August 2008. While waiting for a specialist visit, she had a second GTCS 3 weeks later. Family history was negative. She reported in the previous year occasional jerky movements when brushing her teeth. Neurological examination and MRI were normal and an interictal EEG showed brief bursts ...

Parvovirus B19 is the etiologic agent of erythema infectiosum (fifth disease), a fever-rash illness occurring in childhood. We present a 10 month old child with high grade fever for 10 days, generalized tonic-clonic seizure, bilateral cervical lymphadenopathy, generalized maculopapular rash, hematemesis and malena. Bone marrow aspiration and liver biopsy were done. EBV serology and parvovirus P...

There are two important considerations, the time interval between first seizure and time of registration and the type of seizure. In general, the longer the time interval the less the likelihood of seizure recurrence as the majority of seizure recurrences occur early. Secondly, generalized tonic clonic seizures were the only type of seizure accepted for this study. Simple or complex partial and...

PURPOSE Dravet syndrome (DS) is a rare disorder with seizure onset in the first year of life, typically beginning with prolonged febrile hemiclonic seizures or generalized tonic-clonic seizures. Photosensitivity is reported in more than 40% of patients. We present two cases of DS in which we had the chance to record occipital seizures induced by Intermittent Photic Stimulation (IPS). METHOD W...

We report a seizure-related death in a patient with juvenile myoclonic epilepsy 3 months following a previous generalised tonic-clonic seizure complicated by pulmonary oedema. Seizure-related pulmonary oedema is rare but may indicate an increased susceptibility to epilepsy related death. We consider possible preventative measures for patients presenting with seizure-related pulmonary oedema.