A shadow price is a process S̃ lying within the bid/ask prices S, S of a market with proportional transaction costs, such that maximizing expected utility from consumption in the frictionless market with price process S̃ leads to the same maximal utility as in the original market with transaction costs. For finite probability spaces, this note provides an elementary proof for the existence of suc...

Motivated by applications to bond markets, we propose a multivariate framework for discrete time financial markets with proportional transaction costs and a countable infinite number of tradable assets. We show that the no-arbitrage of second kind property (NA2 in short), introduced by [17] for finite dimensional markets, allows to provide a closure property for the set of attainable claims in ...

The dramatic increase in the price of rice and other commodities over the past year has generated new interest in how these markets work and how they can be improved. This paper uses an exceptionally rich data set to test the extent to which markets in Madagascar are integrated across space at different scales of analysis and to explain some of the factors that limit spatial arbitrage and price...

Ticket markets raise a large variety of pricing questions that are of substantial interest for theoretical economists. They also offer a unique laboratory experiment for empiricists because they exhibit rich sources of price variations. Prices vary because seats are different, because seats are located in different places, because performances take place on different dates, because venues offer...

This research project focused on factors influencing consumers’ purchasing behavior. Specifically, the project focused on sustainability of packaging and attempted to find if sustainability of a package (represented by post-consumer content) affected a consumer’s decision to buy that product. The specific question asked was: “Are consumers willing to purchase a product based on the environmenta...

tually represses creative ways of understanding and taking responsibility for ourselves and our lives. The medical model stands for constricted consciousness and the standardization of behavior. Here is the question I would like to see addressed in public debates: Is an extra degree of social control, one that often hurts and humiliates people, worth the price of endarkenment and enfeeblement? ...

Every Science has a philosophy in its background and every computation has a natural phenomenon in it’s background. One of the most pronounced research domains in the recent times is study of consciousness, what we have chosen as our area of research. This field of research conglomerates both philosophy and phenomenology. Philosophy of consciousness helped to derive the scientific interpretatio...

By assuming that group buying websites offer consumers an opportunity to gain consumption value from experiential products with potential risks, a theoretical model was proposed to explore the factors affecting buyers’ purchase intentions. In this model, trust, price consciousness and conformity behavior were viewed as antecedents of risks. A study of 164 responses found that the purchase inten...

58. Sustainable development goes beyond a static framework of correcting environmental externalities , deficient markets and inadequate property rights. It is very much concerned with the availability of environmental and natural resources in the future. The problem may be particularly acute in developing countries that have high discount rates due to the scarcity of capital and prevalence of p...

This paper studies maximin paths in the context of a standard exhaustible resource model. Under the assumption that the resource is important in production, it establishes the efficiency and uniqueness of non-trivial maximin paths. It uses these results to study the nature of the maximin value and policy functions. The value function is shown to be differentiable with respect to the initial res...