Cannabinoid receptors (CBRs) are involved in neuropsychiatric disturbances including drug addiction. Studies show that single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of CNR1 and FAAH may contribute to drug addiction and other neuropsychiatric disorders. However, cannabinoid type-2 receptors (CB2Rs) in the CNS and their role in drug addiction and neuropsychiatric disorders have been much less well chara...

Stimulants such as cocaine and the amphetamines are widely abused due to their rewarding effects. Much of what we know about drug abuse and drug reward comes from research involving stimulants, and much of this research involves using drug self-administration as an animal model of drug abuse. In this chapter, the example of stimulant self-administration is used to illustrate: (1) the basic meth...

On March 11, Mark Stringer, director of the Missouri Department Mental Health, as well immediate past president National Association State Alcohol and Drug Abuse Directors (NASADAD) board directors chair NASADAD's Public Policy Committee, told House Representatives’ Appropriations Subcommittee on Labor, Health Human Services, Education, Related Agencies that pandemic has had a disproportionate ...

Background: Methamphetamine (MA) which is known as “shisheh” in Iran is a drug that widely is used in many parts of the world and it is near to a decade that is available for the most drug users and has a considerable prevalence of use. Due to high abuse prevalence and very new challenging phenomenon, it is very important that researchers and treatment providers become more familiar with differ...

A positive relationship between the consumption of sweetened dietary substances (e.g. saccharin and sucrose) and drug abuse has been reported in both the human and other animal literature. The proposed genetic contribution to this relationship has been based on evidence from behavioral, neurobiological, and linkage studies in heterogeneous and homogeneous animal populations. Initial work in sev...

drug abuse is a problem that causes a wide array of social, emotional, and physical problems and involves both patients and the society. helping the addicted has always been a priority for physicians and especially psychiatrists. the purpose of this prospective study was to compare the effects of methadone and naltrexone in general well-being of patients undergoing these treatments.forty-six pa...