there is strong and consistent evidence that eating disorders are prevalent in sport and especially in weight sensitive sports such as endurance, weight category and aesthetic sports as well as jumping events. these illnesses are not only common but lead to significant physical and psychological morbidity and impaired performances. sports organizations, and by extension the professionals whose ...

background: some congenital defects can be prevented in the pregestational stage. however, many health professionals are not prepared to provide counselling to couples regarding the same. objective: this study aimed to assess the performance of doctors and nurses from a primary health-care unit in florianopolis, brazil, in preventing birth defects in the preconception period based on the recomm...

background: preterm birth is the major cause of neonatal mortality and morbidity. objective: the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of prophylactic vaginal progesterone on decreasing preterm birth rate and neonatal complications in a high-risk population. materials and methods: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study was performed on 100 high-risk singleton pregnancies. v...

The authors present a methodological review of empirical program evaluation research in the area of intimate partner violence prevention. The authors adapted and utilized criterion-based rating forms to standardize the evaluation of the methodological strengths and weaknesses of each study. The findings indicate that the limited amount of empirical research related to intimate partner violence ...

This commentary presents a conceptual framework, Quality in the Continuum of Cancer Care (QCCC), for quality improvement studies and research. Data sources include review of relevant literature (cancer care, quality improvement, organizational behavior, health services evaluation, and research). The Detecting Early Tumors Enables Cancer Therapy (DETECT) project is used to apply the QCCC model t...

Violence in adolescence has seen an increase since the 1990s with dramatic statistics on violent death and risk behaviors. School violence has been focused upon by a huge media coverage of especially violent cases that could have had some endemic consequences worldwide. We present a case of a 14 year old white male with change in school behavior, strategies for the case investigation, its resul...

Philip Greenland, MD, Chair; Jonathan Abrams, MD; Gerard P. Aurigemma, MD; M. Gene Bond, PhD; Luther T. Clark, MD; Michael H. Criqui, MD; John R. Crouse III, MD; Lawrence Friedman, MD; Valentin Fuster, MD, PhD; David M. Herrington, MD, MHS; Lewis H. Kuller, MD, DrPH; Paul M. Ridker, MD, MPH; William C. Roberts, MD; William Stanford, MD; Neil Stone, MD; H. Jeremy Swan, MD, PhD; Kathryn A. Tauber...

For practitioners committed to coronary risk reduction, recent clinical trial data pose a considerable challenge. Specifically, in the Air Force/Texas Coronary Atherosclerosis Prevention Study (AFCAPS/TexCAPS), a primary prevention trial,1 treatment with lovastatin among an apparently healthy group of individuals without traditional coronary risk factors resulted in significant reductions in fu...

The American Heart Association (AHA) has provided new guidelines for infective endocarditis prophylaxis in dentistry. In this paper, written for dentists, major changes in the updated recommendations which dentists should be aware have been discussed. These recommendations address the impact of oral hygiene and type of dental procedures on high-risk patients, risk of adverse reactions of antibi...

Low dose aspirin is effective, safe, and economical in the secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease. We have found that only one-third of post-menopausal women with cardiovascular disease are using aspirin and that the majority of women who are using aspirin are doing so for primary prevention. Improvements in this area of medical practice are both necessary and feasible.