OBJECTIVES We conducted a randomized trial to investigate racial differences in response to two alternate pretest education strategies for BRCA1 genetic testing: a standard education model and an education plus counseling (E + C) model. MATERIALS AND METHODS Two hundred twenty-eight Caucasian women and 70 African American women with a family history of breast or ovarian cancer were contacted ...

The arti…cial neural network (ANN) test of Lee, White and Granger (LWG, 1993) uses the ability of the ANN activation functions in the hidden layer to detect neglected functional misspeci…cation. As the estimation of the ANN model is often quite di¢ cult, LWG suggested activate the ANN hidden units based on randomly drawn activation parameters. To be robust to the random activations, a large num...

INTRODUCTION Global health agencies and the Vietnam Ministry of Health have identified pediatric emergency care and health information technology as high priority goals. Clinical decision support (CDS) software provides physicians with access to current literature to answer clinical queries, but there is limited impact data in developing countries. We hypothesized that Vietnamese physicians wil...

OBJECTIVE To determine the effect of using a leaflet to replace formal verbal pretest discussion and assess its acceptability to patients. SETTING AND METHODS A leaflet was developed which gave information on all routine tests undertaken at a genitourinary medicine clinic. Information normally given during verbal pretest discussion for HIV was included. The leaflet was given to all new attend...

BACKGROUND Substance dependence disorder is a psychiatric disorders with different factors that influence its nature, severity, outcome, and treatment options. OBJECTIVES This study evaluates the effectiveness of Acceptance-Commitment Therapy (ACT) to decrease anxiety and depression in patients with opioid dependencies who are undergoing methadone maintenance treatment (MMT). MATERIALS AND ...

Pretest-posttest experimental designs are often used in randomized control trials (RCTs) in the education field to improve the precision of the estimated treatment effects. For logistic reasons, however, pretest data are often collected after random assignment, so that including them in the analysis could bias the posttest impact estimates. Thus, the issue of whether to collect and use late pre...

Vanags T, Pammer K, Brinker J. Process-oriented guided-inquiry learning improves long-term retention of information. Adv Physiol Educ 37: 233–241, 2013; doi:10.1152/advan.00104.2012.— Many chemistry educators have adopted the process-oriented guidedinquiry learning (POGIL) pedagogy. However, it is not clear which aspects of POGIL are the most important in terms of actual learning. We compared 3...

In this paper, we propose a class of general pretest estimators for the univariate normal mean. The main mathematical idea proposed is adaptation randomized tests, where randomization probability related to shrinkage parameter. Consequently, includes many existing estimators, such as pretest, shrinkage, Bayes, and empirical Bayes special cases. Furthermore, can be easily tuned users by adjustin...

BACKGROUND Suicide ranks as the third leading cause of death among youth aged 15-24 years. Schools provide ideal opportunities for suicide prevention efforts. However, research is needed to identify programs that effectively impact youth suicidal ideation and behavior. This study examined the immediate and 3-month effect of Surviving the Teens® Suicide Prevention and Depression Awareness Progra...