Performance of muscle-powered movements depends on temperature through its effects on muscle contractile properties. In vitro stimulation of Cuban treefrog (Osteopilus septentrionalis) plantaris muscles reveals that interactions between force and temperature affect the mechanical work of muscle. At low temperatures (9-17°C), muscle work depends on temperature when shortening at any force, and t...

Fire-prone forests in the American west are presently slated for extensive fuels reduction treatments, yet the effect on soil CO2 efflux rates, or soil respiration, has received little attention. This study utilizes the homogeneity of a Sierra Nevada ponderosa (Pinus ponderosa Dougl. ex P. & C. Laws)–Jeffrey pine (Pinus jeffreyi, Grev. & Balf.) plantation to investigate changes in soil respirat...

We consider n non-intersecting Brownian motion paths with p prescribed starting positions at time t = 0 and q prescribed ending positions at time t = 1. The positions of the paths at any intermediate time are a determinantal point process, which in the case p = 1 is equivalent to the eigenvalue distribution of a random matrix from the Gaussian unitary ensemble with external source. For general ...

This note discusses a rigorous mathematical formulation for the evolution of the Eliassen balanced vortex. It is first shown that a stable balanced vortex of finite extent can be embedded in an ambient fluid at rest, and that such a vortex exists for prescribed angular momentum and potential temperature on fluid parcels. This uses a method developed by Shutts, Booth and Norbury. This is a diffe...

Cover board arrays were used to measure the relative abundance of macroinvertebrates and terrestrial salamanders on prescribed burn and control sites in xeric southern Appalachians of northern Georgia and southeastern Tennessee pine-oak forests. Three microsite variables were measured at each cover board: cover board moisture level, temperature under the cover board, and soil moisture. Soil moi...

An analysis has been carried out to study the magnetohydrodynamic boundary layer flow and heat transfer characteristics of a dusty fluid over a flat stretching sheet in the presence of viscous dissipation. The basic equations governing the flow and heat transfer are in the form of partial differential equations, the same have been reduced to a set of non-linear ordinary differential equations b...

We reconstruct the temperature, wind and density structure of the atmosphere on Mars from the surface to 120 km altitude at the time of the landing of the two NASA Mars Exploration Rovers (MER), and ESA’s “Beagle 2”. This reconstruction is based on an assimilation of temperature and dust opacity observations from the Thermal Emission Spectrometer aboard the Mars Global Surveyor spacecraft into ...

The problem of recovering the initial temperature of a body from discrete temperature measurements made at later times is studied. While this problem has a general formulation, the results of this paper are only given in the simplest setting of a finite (onedimensional), constant coefficient, linear rod. It is shown that with a judicious placement of a thermometer on this rod, the initial tempe...