For the Intentionalist, utterance content is wholly determined by a speaker’s meaning-intentions; sentence uttered serves merely to facilitate audience’s recovering these intentions. We argue that Intentionalists ought be Particularists, holding only “principles” of meaning recovery needed are those governing inferences best explanation; both defeasible and, in sense elaborated, variable. discu...

this study explores the use of the english locution i love you in the american context. the data were collected through a focus discussion group and a survey questionnaire. 120 college undergraduate students from a large public american university participated in the study with 28 attending the focus discussion group and 92 completing the survey questionnaire. the findings indicated that the us...

this study explores the use of the english locution i love you in the american context. the data were collected through a focus discussion group and a survey questionnaire. 120 college undergraduate students from a large public american university participated in the study with 28 attending the focus discussion group and 92 completing the survey questionnaire. the findings indicated that the us...

In this paper we present a question-answering system for Portuguese juridical documents. The system has two modules: preliminary analysis of documents (information extraction) and query processing (information retrieval). The proposed approach is based on computational linguistic theories: syntactical analysis (constraint grammars); followed by semantic analysis using the discourse representati...

Evidentiality is the linguistic representation of the nature of evidence for a statement. In other words, it is the linguistically encoded evidence for the trustworthiness of a statement. In this paper, we aim to explore how linguistically encoded information of evidentiality can contribute to the prediction of trustworthiness in natural language processing (NLP). We propose to incorporate evid...

Gestures can take on complex forms that convey both pragmatic and expressive information. When creating virtual agents, it is necessary to make fine grained manipulations of these forms to precisely adjust the gesture’s meaning to reflect the communicative content an agent is trying to deliver, character mood and spatial arrangement of the characters and objects. This paper describes a gesture ...

This  study  examined  the  effects  of  individual  difference  (ID)  factors  on  changing  pragmatic abilities  among  L2  learners  of  English.  Participants  were  48  Japanese  EFL  students  in  an English-medium  university  in  Japan.  They  completed  a  pragmatic  speaking  test  (k=12)  that assessed  their  ability  to  produce  two  speech  acts:  requests  and  opinions,  in  hi...

In the eld of information systems the notion of constraint may be used for quite diierent kinds of statements. Here we apply deontic logic and doxastic logic to propose formal deenitions for the diierent interpretations of these statements. In our analysis we distinguish practical constraints and deontic constraints; the latter are either obligations about the world or obligations about the cor...

This paper describes results of a dynamic model of aspectual composition that demonstrates how features necessary for planning and controlling actions can also motivate and ground simple analyses of a number of aspectual phenomena. A novel feature of the model is an active computational representation for verb semantics called x-schemas, an extension of the Petri net formalism that can encode g...