The identical elements (IE) model (Rickard, Healy, & Bourne, Learning, Memory, and Cognition 32:734-748, 1994) of fact representation predicts that, in both verbal and numerical domains, performance gains with retrieval practice on multielement items will be specific to the practiced stimulus-response combinations, failing to transfer even to altered stimulus-response mappings of practiced item...

OBJECTIVE To measure the cost effectiveness of systematic photographic screening for sight threatening diabetic eye disease compared with existing practice. DESIGN Cost effectiveness analysis. SETTING Liverpool. SUBJECTS A target population of 5000 diabetic patients invited for screening. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Cost effectiveness (cost per true positive) of systematic and opportunistic p...

We evaluated the ability of the combination disk test (CDT) and the Modified Hodge Test (MHT) to discriminate between various carbapenemase-producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates (KPC, n = 36; metallo-β-lactamase (MBL), n = 38) and carbapenemase non-producers (n = 75). For the CDT, the optimal inhibitor concentrations and cut-off values were: 600 μg of 3-aminophenylboronic acid (APB) per dis...

OBJECTIVES To produce an easily understood and accessible tool for use by researchers in diagnostic studies. Diagnostic studies should have sample size calculations performed, but in practice, they are performed infrequently. This may be due to a reluctance on the part of researchers to use mathematical formulae. METHODS Using a spreadsheet, we derived nomograms for calculating the number of ...

The IDI-MRSA assay has a sensitivity of 96% and a specificity of 96% when used to screen patients at extranasal sites. This verification study used previously unverified swabs and was undertaken in a core medical laboratory using nonmicrobiology technologists trained in sample processing, molecular laboratory work flow, and PCR practice.

INTRODUCTION There have been 15 formal sets of criteria published for the diagnosis of CIDP. No study to date has compared the sensitivity and specificity of all published criteria in the same patient population. METHODS We conducted a retrospective chart review of patients with CIDP (n = 56) and controls with diabetic polyneuropathy (n = 37) or amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (n = 39) who were...

This article focuses on the interplay of research and practice (research⇔practice integration) in advancing international efforts to understand enhance positive youth development (PYD). We discuss 3 facets PYD application that have cross-cutting relevance theory, use theory for designing principles programs, evaluating whether specific instances programs features promote PYD. Using dynamic, rel...