The effect of hypoxia on the response to interval exercise was determined in eight elite female cyclists during two interval sessions: a sustained 3 x 10-min endurance set (5-min recovery) and a repeat sprint session comprising three sets of 6 x 15-s sprints (work-to-relief ratios were 1:3, 1:2, and 1:1 for the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd sets, respectively, with 3 min between each set). During exercise,...

OBJECTIVE To examine the physiological profile, and its relation to playing position, of elite college Gaelic footballers. METHOD The subjects were 28 elite Gaelic footballers (12 backs, 12 forwards, and four midfielders; mean (SD) age 21 (1.67) years), who won a major intervarsity tournament (Sigerson Cup) three times in succession. RESULTS There was general similarity among the members of...

Costa VP, De-Oliveira FR. Physiological variables to predict performance in cross-country mountain bike races. JEPonline 2008;11(6):14-24. Mountain bike (MTB) is a recent sport derived from cycling with little information about the athletes and races. The aim of this study was to identify the morph-physiological characteristics in Elite MTB athletes and the physiological variables associated in...

This paper explains the potential for the rise of state corporatism in Cuba during a transition to democracy. The focus is on examining the economic and political power of the Cuban military due to its involvement in the Cuban economy. The paper investigates Perfeccionamiento empresarial and how this program has led to a major increase in the power the military will wield during a post-communis...

Small-sided-games (SSGs) seem to be a useful tool for replicating most types of scenarios found in sport competitions, but it is not that clear in female soccer. Game surface and pitch size seem to affect the intensity of SSGs, but no one has yet analysed the influence of these two variables together. The objective of this research was to analyse the metabolic power demands of various SSGs on p...

The Olympic Games is the largest sport event in the world. In Beijing, 10 500 athletes compete selected from a large group of elite athletes in 204 countries. Sports participation on the elite level, aside from winning medals, fame and other rewards, is also important from a health perspective. There is no longer any doubt that regular physical activity reduces the risk of premature mortality i...