in this research, after conducting chemical tests on flour samples (moisture, ash, protein, fiber and ph), potato flour and xanthan gum were added to wheat four at levels 5, 10 and 15 percents and 0.5 and 1 percents, respectively, and subsequently production of toast bread in semi-industrial manner was started, then the qualitative characteristics (nutritional value) of toast breads were measur...

fusarium solain is the most important pathogen of huge range of plant hosts, especially potato in the word, which causes tuber rot in storage and root rot of potato plants in fields. fifty four isolates from potato, bean, chickpea and cucurbit (melon, watermelon and cucumber) was subjected in a study through analysis of vegetative compatibility groups (vcgs) and rep-pcr dna fingerprinting. nit ...

Climate change  is one of the most important challenges in recent years. Heavy flood, hot weather, early coldness, most of drought replications, risen of sea water level, pests and plant disease ,reducing of ozone layer thickness, global worming ,and melting ices, are cases that introduced climate change issue in recent decades more. Climate is one of the most important  factors for crop  chang...

Thiabendazole (TBZ), an antifungal and antihelmintic benzimidazole derivative, after 6 min treatment with a 0.1 m M aqueous solution enhances C 0 2 release in intact potato tubers for up to two hours. There are also indications for a reduced water permeability of isolated periderm layers from TBZ treated potato tubers. Potato slices (ca. 3 mm thick) or discs (with ca. 5 mm diameter) from potato...

Potato virus Y (PVY) and Potato mop-top virus (PMTV) are viruses whose geographical distribution is expanding and economic losses are increasing, in contrast to most of other viruses infecting potato crops. Most potato cultivars lack broad-spectrum resistance to the new, genetically complex strains of PVY, and no efficient resistance to PMTV is known in potato. Control of the vectors of these v...

Colorado potato beetles have been reared successfully through 12 generations on artificial diets containing either 2.5% potato leaf powder or 2.5% lettuce leaf powder/0.75% potato leaf powder. For all but one of the treatment groups, the mean duration of each of the four larval stages was between 0.8 and 1.5 days longer than the durations exhibited by control beetles that had been fed on potato...

'Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum' (Lso) is a phloem-limited bacterium that severely affects important Solanaceae and Apiaceae crops, including potato, tomato, pepper, tobacco, carrot and celery. This bacterium is transmitted to solanaceous species by potato psyllid, Bactericera cockerelli, and to Apiaceae by carrot psyllids, including Trioza apicalis and Bactericera trigonica. Five haploty...

Studies have shown that potato consumption in Norway have been on the decline in recent years. Increase in income and the association of potato consumption with weight gain and chronic diseases like type 2 diabetes have been identified as some of the factors responsible for the change. The aim of this study was to describe the change in potato consumption within persons and how non-dietary vari...

The potato tuberworm, Phthorimaea operculella Zeller (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae), is a serious pest of the potato, Solanum tuberosum L. (Solanales: Solanaceae), in both fields and stores in tropical and subtropical regions. In the present study, the susceptibility of different potato cultivars to P. operculella was evaluated by measuring life table parameters. Tests were undertaken with leaves a...

The potato psyllid (Bactericera cockerelli Sulc) is an economically important insect pest of solanaceous crops such as potato, tomato, pepper, and tobacco. Historically, the potato psyllid's range included central United States, Mexico, and California; more recently, populations of this insect have been reported in Central America, the Pacific Northwest, and New Zealand. Like most phytophagous ...