Introduction Uroliths are concretions formed in the urinary tract. These can be problematic humans and companion animals such as cats. Magnesium ammonium phosphate (struvite) calcium oxalate (CaOx) most common forms of uroliths. The relative supersaturation (RSS) is a risk index crystal formation. Here, an updated program for calculating RSS, EQUIL-HL21, was used to detect differences RSS value...

Abstract The objective is to achieve the goal of carbon neutrality, controlling CO 2 emissions a primary problem be solved in current environmental protection field. Eliminating pollution dyes industrial wastewater also an urgent field protection. adsorption technique effective way deal with these two issues. Developing high-efficiency adsorbents essential work In this work, simple carbonizatio...

The four ingredients of ORS (glucose, sodium chloride, potassium chloride and trisodium citrate) in the concentrations described in the document entitled “Oral Rehydration Salts: a new reduced osmolarity formulation” yield an effective solution for rehydration and for the prevention of dehydration. The addition of other ingredients, such as other minerals (especially zinc) or vitamins, has not ...

Renal stones have afflicted humans for millennia but there is still no solution to this problem. This review discusses the laboratory and metabolic aspects of the clinical management of patients with renal stones, both primary and secondary in origin. First, non-pharmacological interventions such as increased fluid intake, decreased protein consumption, dietary changes in sodium, calcium, oxala...

The comparative evaluation of distinct types of ionic liquid-based aqueous biphasic systems (IL-ABS) and more conventional polymer/salt-based ABS to the extraction of two antioxidants, eugenol and propyl gallate, is focused. In a first approach, IL-ABS composed of ILs and potassium citrate (C6H5K3O7/C6H8O7) buffer at pH 7 were applied to the extraction of two antioxidants, enabling the assessme...

Kidney stones are not only a widespread problem now, but have been for centuries. Many of the plants used historically now found to be effective in reducing risk and stone size modern clinical trials. Both recurrence after removal important. Certain medical shown slow formation calcium oxalate crystals. Several these also antioxidant antimicrobial effects. The with best trials supporting precli...

Erythrocytes from 14 patients with homozygous sickle cell anaemia were treated with the calcium ionophore A23187 to induce loss of cellular potassium and water. The dehydrated cells showed a decrease in filterability (loss of deformability) through pores of 5 micron diameter. Oxpentifylline and cetiedil citrate, which preserve erythrocyte cation and water content, had a significant (p less than...

The patient, a male child, aged five years, was brought to hospital with a history that he could not pass urine properly. There was a history of the frequent passage, accompanied by pain, of a small amount of urine which contained some sediment. I thought that it might be a case of calculus and prescribed potassium citrate (grs. v), tincture of belladonna (minims iii) and syrup of orange (minim...

Renal stones have afflicted humans for millennia but there is still no solution to this problem. This review discusses the laboratory and metabolic aspects of the clinical management of patients with renal stones, both primary and secondary in origin. First, non-pharmacological interventions such as increased fluid intake, decreased protein consumption, dietary changes in sodium, calcium, oxala...

BMJ 1991;302:88-9 Oral rehydration solutions are highly effective for treating most patients with dehydration due to diarrhoea. Early formulations contained glucose and three salts: sodium chloride, sodium bicarbonate, and potassium chloride. Subsequently, a formulation containing trisodium citrate dihydrate instead of sodium bicarbonate was shown to be more stable under high humidity and tempe...