In the South, most nursery managers have relied on methyl bromide for weed control in hardwood seedbeds. When methyl bromide is no longer available, handweeding times will likely increase unless management regimes adapt to the change. Some nursery managers will increase use of both sanitation practices and herbicides. Although several herbicides are registered for use on hardwoods, some can inj...

Four important categories of urologic herbs, their history, and modern scientific investigations regarding them are reviewed. Botanical diuretics are discussed with a focus on Solidago spp (goldenrod) herb, Levisticum officinale (lovage) root, Petroselinum crispus (parsley) fruit, and Urtica dioica (stinging nettle) herb. Urinary antiseptic and anti-adhesion herbs, particularly Arctostaphylos u...

??????????????????????????????????????????????????????.2016?7????????????????????????????2011???????????????????????1980s?????70%??????1960s?????Ottelia acuminata????????Stuckenia pectinata??????Najas marina???????????Potamogeton maackianus??????Ceratophyllum demersum??????Vallisneria natans?.???????????0~2.5 m???????????????Trapa maximowiezii????????????????????2.5~4 m?????????????????????????...

Reproductive allocation is a key process in the plant life cycle and aquatic plants exhibit great diversity in their reproductive systems. In the present study, we conduct a field investigation of three aquatic macrophytes: Stuckenia pectinata, Myriophyllum spicatum, and Potamogeton perfoliatus. Our results showed that widespread species, including S. pectinata and M. spicatum had greater plast...

Non-destructive estimation using digital cameras is a common approach for estimating leaf area index (LAI) of terrestrial vegetation. However, no attempt has been made so far to develop non-destructive approaches to LAI estimation for aquatic vegetation. Using the submerged plant species Potamogeton malainus, the objective of this study was to determine whether the gap fraction derived from ver...

This study describes the current status of the small fish community in Niushan Lake in China, and examines the spatial and seasonal variations of the community in relation to key environmental factors. Based on macrophyte cover conditions, the lake was divided into three major habitat types: (1) Potamogeton maackianus habitat, (2) Potamogeton maackianus and Myriophyllum spicatum habitat, and (3...