BACKGROUND Caudal epidural analgesia with bupivacaine is very popular in paediatric anaesthesia for providing intra- and postoperative analgesia. Several adjuvants have been used to prolong the action of bupivacaine. OBJECTIVES To compare the efficacy of ketamine, fentanyl and clonidine in terms of quality and duration of analgesia they produce when added with caudal bupivacaine by single sho...

BACKGROUND Spinal anesthesia is widely used for caesarean section. Addition of intrathecal magnesium sulfate to local anesthetics seems to improve the quality of block and prolong the duration of analgesia. OBJECTIVES The present study was designed to examine whether addition of intrathecal magnesium sulfate enhances the analgesic efficacy of intrathecal bupivacaine in patients undergoing ces...

AIMS The purpose of this prospective randomised study is to evaluate the efficacy, safety and the appropriate dose of the ropivacaine in the control of post-knee arthroscopy pain. METHODS We randomised 60 patients in two groups to receive 10 ml/7.5 mg/ml ropivacaine (Group B) or 20 ml/7.5 mg/ml (Group A) at the end of a routine knee arthroscopy. We monitored the patient's blood pressure, hear...

Pain, restlessness, tension and delirium are almost always encountered while treating hemodynamic unstable critical patients in the intensive care units. Usually in critical patients, the evaluation of the nature and pain intensity (VAS scale) are often impossible. During the last 10 years intense nociceptor somatic and visceral post operative pain is believed to be the most crucial factor in t...

A patient underwent major spinal surgery, twice within a 3 week period. On the first occasion his post-operative pain was managed by conventional morphine patient-controlled analgesia (PCA). After the second procedure his pain was managed by a patient-controlled computer-assisted titration of alfentanil. This provided the opportunity to compare the efficacy of these two drug regimens in the sam...

Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS), apical blebectomy and chemical pleurodesis are often combined to prevent recurrence of spontaneous pneumothorax [1,2]. Postoperative pain arising from above procedures can be severe, leading to increased length of stay [2,3]. Effective analgesia in the immediate post-operative period is necessary for optimal recovery, and satisfactory postoperative p...

Introduction Among the different anesthetic techniques used to attend hernioplasty current evidence supports the use of local anesthesia by infiltration because it determines a shorter post-operative recovery, fewer complications and lower overall costs 1,. However, despite these advantages the local anesthesia by infiltration is rarely used 2. In order to improve intraoperative analgesia ilioi...

BACKGROUND In this prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blinded clinical trial we tested the hypothesis that preemptive analgesia with bupivacaine applied in the area of the surgical incision in patients undergoing mastectomy for breast cancer would reduce post-operative acute pain and would reduce the amount of analgesics used during surgery and in the post-operative period. M...

Background The Intrathecal analgesia is a highly effective technique for pain relief in the first stage of labor. Its effectiveness, simplicity, and low incidence of serious complications, less motor blockade and decrease the rate of cesarean section, make it applicable to the physicians Methods: one hundred twenty patients were equally divided into four groups where epidural catheter was inser...