Abstract It was shown experimentally that for a 65-fs 17-J pulse, the effect of filamentation instability, also known as small-scale self-focusing, is much weaker than predicted by stationary and nonstationary theoretical models high B-integral values. Although this discrepancy has been left unexplained at moment, in practice no signs may allow breakthrough nonlinear pulse post-compression lase...

www.aafp.org/afp AMERICAN FAMILY PHYSICIAN 1823 Numerous previous trials of new pharmacologic and ventilatory modalities have failed to demonstrate improvement in mortality rates. However, recent trials using a new “lung protective” approach to mechanical ventilation resulted in significant reductions in mortality rates. Data from these studies represent an encouraging breakthrough in the manag...

With the genome sequence of Arabidopsis and rice now available, plant science has stepped forward into a new phase. Post-genomics studies such as transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics will bring about a breakthrough for the functional elucidation of genes and for an understanding of a whole process of living cells. Concerning studies of sulphur (S) metabolism, several reports have recen...

Transport of a sorbing solute in a two-dimensional steady and uniform flow field is modeled using a particle tracking random walk method. The solute is initially introduced from an instantaneous point source. Cases of linear and nonlinear sorption isotherms are considered. Local pore velocity and mechanical dispersion are used to describe the solute transport mechanisms at the local scale. The ...

NOD mice exhibit major defects in the earliest stages of T cell development in the thymus. Genome-wide genetic and transcriptome analyses were used to investigate the origins and consequences of an early T cell developmental checkpoint breakthrough in Rag1-deficient NOD mice. Quantitative trait locus analysis mapped the presence of checkpoint breakthrough cells to several known NOD diabetes sus...

The St. Antonius Hospital Utrecht/Nieuwegein, the Netherlands, and Philips have announced an important breakthrough in the image-guided treatment of vascular patients. Using an innovative X-ray technology developed by Philips, the hospital’s interventional radiologists were able to dramatically reduce the amount of Xray radiation that patients are exposed to during image-guided endovascular pro...

It is widely perceived that unstable angina is a critical phase of coronary heart disease. The risk of acute myocardial infarction or death in these patients is high: up to 5% during hospitalization, 20% within 30 days, and 25% in 6 months. Medical and invasive treatment options for these patients have been rather discouraging, with two reasons responsible for this unsatisfactory state: first, ...

Few analytical techniques are better known to students of applied mathematics than conformal mapping. It is the classical method for solving problems in continuum mechanics, electrostatics, and other fields involving the two-dimensional Laplace and Poisson equations. To employ the method, one needs an explicit mapping function from some standard domain— such as the unit disk or upper half plane...

Fertilizer plant waste carbon slurry has been investigated after some processing as an adsorbent for the removal of dyes and phenols using columns. The results show that the carbonaceous adsorbent prepared from carbon slurry being porous and having appreciable surface area (380 m2/g) can remove dyes both cationic (meldola blue, methylene blue, chrysoidine G, crystal violet) as well a...