We propose a new investment strategy employing “factor funds” to systematically enhance the mean-variance efficiency of international diversification. Our approach is motivated by the increasing evidence that size (SMB), book-to-market (HML), and momentum (MOM) factors, along with the market factor, adequately describe international stock returns, and by the direct link between investors’ portf...

Portfolio theory assumes that investors accept risk. This means thatin the equal rate of return on the two assets, the assets were chosenthat have a lower risk level. Modern portfolio theory is accepted byinvestors who believe that they are not cope with the market. Sothey keep many different types of securities in order to access theoptimum efficiency rate that is close to the rate of return o...

– Diversification of an investment into independently fluctuating assets reduces its risk. In reality, movements of assets are mutually correlated and therefore knowledge of cross-correlations among asset price movements are of great importance. Our results support the possibility that the problem of finding an investment in stocks which exposes invested funds to a minimum level of risk is anal...

The optimization of investment portfolios is the most important topic in financial decision making, and many relevant models can be found in the literature.  According to importance of portfolio optimization in this paper, deals with novel solution approaches to solve new developed portfolio optimization model. Contrary to previous work, the uncertainty of future retur...

This paper investigates the potential implications of valuation error for the accuracy of investment performance measures of property portfolios. Previous empirical research on valuation error is reviewed It is argued that there is considerable evidence to suggest that valuations are prone to error. A simulation approach is used to model the effects of valuation error on a number of hypothetica...

Project portfolio selection is a crucial decision in many organizations, which must make informed decisions on investment, where the appropriate distribution of investment is complex, due to varying levels of risk, resource requirements, and interaction among the proposed projects. In this paper, we discuss the implementation of an organized framework for Ž . project portfolio selection through...

A number of studies have examined the benefits of regional diversification strategies within commercial real estate portfolios with two approaches adopted; the first is based on primary contiguous geographical regions while the second employs areas based on economic function. In general, the conclusion is that diversifications strategies based on simple geographical areas adds little, if anythi...

This paper describes an expert system (ES) based decision support system (DSS), which aids the user to select feasible projects among a strategic portfolio supplied by a dynamic simulator (DS). The ES incorporates the ALTMAN model for predicting financial distress. This model is utilized for aiding the user to find the most feasible values for the financialeconomic parameters, managing the proj...

A portfolio of different stocks and a risk-less security whose composition is dynamically maintained stable by trading shares at any time step leads to a growth of the capital with a nonrandom rate. This is the key for the theory of optimal-growth investment formulated by Kelly. In presence of transaction costs, the optimal composition changes and, more important, it turns out that the frequenc...

Portfolios are constructed to increase returns and manage risk. In high-risk investment strategies, central measures of risk must be complemented with tail measures of risk. An unanticipated event impacting securities of one firm can contagiously affect those of other firms through a contagion flow process. The connections between firms due to a variety of factors can spread the contagion, and ...