Air pollution control in the United States for five common pollutants--particulate matter, ground-level ozone, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, and carbon monoxide--is based partly on the attainment of ambient air quality standards that represent a level of air pollution regarded as safe. Regulatory and health agencies often focus on whether standards for short periods are attained; the number...

OBJECTIVE To analyze our experience with a second radiosurgical treatment for brain arteriovenous malformations (BAVMs) after an unsuccessful first radiosurgical treatment. METHODS Between 1993 and 2000, 242 patients were treated by the Toronto Sunnybrook Regional Cancer Center using a LINAC system. Fifteen of these patients required a second radiosurgical intervention due to the failure of t...

BACKGROUND Low birth weight (LBW, <2500 g) has been associated with exposure to air pollution, but it is still unclear which sources or components of air pollution might be in play. The association between ultrafine particles and LBW has never been studied. OBJECTIVES To study the relationships between LBW in term born infants and exposure to particles by size fraction, source and chemical co...

[1] During the Asian Pacific Regional Aerosol Characterization Experiment (ACE-Asia), samples of carbonaceous aerosols were collected on board the Center for Interdisciplinary Remotely Piloted Aircraft Studies (CIRPAS) De Havilland DHC-6 Twin Otter aircraft. The samples were analyzed to determine their total carbon (TC) and water-soluble organic compound (WSOC) contents as well as to identify t...

1 Benaki Phytopathological Institute, Department of Pesticides Control and Phytopharmacy, Laboratory of Pesticides’ Toxicology, 8 St. Delta Street, Kifissia, 14561 Athens, Greece, 2 Istanbul Technical University Faculty of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering 34469, Maslak, Istanbul/Turkey 2 Department of Agriculture, Crop production and Rural Environment Analytical Chemistry and Pesticides...

In this issue Sree Devi and coworkers1 report the results of a cytogenetic investigation on traffic policemen from an Indian metropolitan area. The study shows a distinct excess of cytogenetic damage in peripheral blood lymphocytes of policemen compared to indoor workers, highlighting the genotoxic consequences of the exposure to urban air pollutants. Genetic damage, for the severity and irreve...

background: in the past few decades, indoor air pollution (iap) has become a primary concern to the point. it is increasingly believed to be of equal or greater importance to human health compared to ambient air. however, due to the lack of comprehensive indices for the integrated assessment of indoor air quality (iaq), we aimed to develop a novel, fuzzy-based indoor air quality index (fiaqi) t...

Although water and land pollution are very dangerous, air pollution has its own peculiarities due to its transboundary dispersion of pollutants over the entire world. In any well planned urban set up, industrial pollution takes a back seat and vehicular emissions take precedence as the major cause of urban air pollution. In the present study, Air pollution tolerance index was calculated for var...

Sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, volatile organic compounds, persistent organic pollutants, particulate matter, and heavy metals---air pollutants once thought to be problems that could be solved locally, where the effects occur---are all currently being discussed in international forums. A spate of meetings and agreements in recent months has shown many international governments to be more will...

The temporal-spatial interaction of land cover and non-point source (NPS) nutrient pollution were analyzed with the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) to simulate the temporal-spatial features of NPS nutrient loading in the upper stream of the Yellow River catchment. The corresponding land cover data variance was expressed by the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) that was calcula...