Oral polio vaccine (OPV) and Inactivated Polio Vaccine (IPV) have distinct advantages and limitations. IPV does not provide mucosal immunity and introduction of IPV to mitigate consequences of circulating vaccine-derived polio virus from OPV has very limited effect on transmission and OPV campaigns are essential for interrupting wild polio virus transmission, even in developed countries with a ...

Enclosed for your consideration for publication in BMC Pediatrics is the original manuscript, “An open-label randomized clinical trial in children of prophylactic paracetamol co-administered with 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine and hexavalent diphtheria toxoid, tetanus toxoid, 3-component acellular pertussis, hepatitis B, inactivated polio virus, and Haemophilus influenzae type b vaccine.”

IN JUNE 2009, THE WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION (WHO) declared the 2009 influenza A(H1N1) pandemic and in October 2009, President Obama declared it a national emergency. The influenza A(H1N1) virus is being monitored around the world for changes in virulence or epidemiology. There has been a push to have vaccines ready, yet vaccine supply may be insufficient in some areas. The public wants to be as...

INDIAN PEDIATRICS 204 VOLUME 41FEBRUARY 17, 2004 from about 1968. The very reasons for multiple doses of OPV and the need for pulse immunization are the occurrence of vaccine failure of three doses of OPV. Dr Paul is not on firm grounds when he declares that polio cannot be eradicated without first discovering the reason(s) for vaccine failure. Vaccine failure can be overcome by increasing the ...

BACKGROUND Despite recent success towards controlling poliovirus transmission, Nigeria has struggled to achieve uniformly high routine vaccination coverage. A lack of reliable vaccination coverage data at the operational level makes it challenging to target program improvement. To reliably estimate vaccination coverage, we conducted district-level vaccine coverage surveys using a pre-existing i...

India is committed to eradication of poliomyelitis by the year 2000. However, India still reported about 58% of all polio cases documented globally in 1995. India has adopted the World Health Organisation’s recommended strategy of National Immunization Days (that is, Pulse Polio Immunization) from the year 1995. Oral polio vaccine (OPV) was introduced at national level in 1985. However, no comm...

Nonetheless, despite these public health triumphs, vaccines can and do occasionally cause harm. For example, the widespread use of the polio vaccine resulted in vaccine-associated paralytic polio in 1 of every 2.4 million vaccine recipients. For this reason, calls for alternate schedules and cessation of the use of this vaccine began in the mid-1980s. 7 Indeed, the Advisory Committee on Immuniz...

In 1988, when the World Health Assembly committed to globally eradicate wild polioviruses by the year 2000, no comprehensive models existed to support rigorous policy analyses that could project the human or financial resources that would be required. However, clear demonstration of an effective strategy for polio eradication by the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) led world health leade...

The 15-decade drive to control and eradicate polio through immunization [1] has benefited from the availability of 2 excellent vaccines, the inactivated poliovirus vaccine (IPV) of Salk and colleagues, licensed in 1955, and the live attenuated oral poliovirus vaccine (OPV) of Sabin, licensed in 1961. The 2 vaccines have complementary advantages, and both have played—and continue to play—importa...