Forest and colleagues have persuasively made the case that policy capacity is a fundamental prerequisite to health reform. They offer a comprehensive life-cycle definition of policy capacity and stress that it involves much more than problem identification and option development. I would like to offer a Canadian perspective. If we define health reform as re-orienting the health system from acut...

In many situations, it may be more economical to use a used unit than to do a new one. This paper considers an age replacement policy and a periodic replacement policy with minimal repair at failure for a used unit of age x. We discuss optimum replacement policies which minimize the expected cost rates for a specified age x. Further, we obtain an upper bound of an optimum time for an age replac...

this study aimed at identifying and analyzing issues and challenges on the agricultural research and technology development under the national innovation framework. the survey consisted of two groups: agricultural researchers of agriculture-research and education organization and all faculty members of public agricultural faculties of ministry of scientific, research and technology. using cochr...

doing centralized and coherent activities between governmental agencies is essential at any level. creating suitable institutional structure for appropriate solutions of policy problem in natural resources at multiple levels is possible using application of network governance. the aim of this paper is institutional network analysis with co-management of zagros dry forests in regional (county) l...

Eight senior government representatives outlined the views and policies of their countries in the field of radioactive waste management at a "scientific afternoon" during the 27th Regular Session of the General Conference of the IAEA in Vienna in October. The countries represented were Argentina, France, the Federal Republic of Germany. India, Japan, Sweden, the United Kingdom, and the USA; sta...

background health policies are important instruments for improving population health. however, experience suggests that policies designed for the whole population do not always benefit the most vulnerable. participation of vulnerable groups in the policy-making process provides an opportunity for them to influence decisions related to their health, and also to exercise their rights. this paper ...

inequalities in the social determinants of health (sdh), which drive avoidable health disparities between different individuals or groups, is a major concern for a number of international organisations, including the world health organization (who). despite this, the pathways to changing inequalities in the sdh remain elusive. the methodologies and concepts within system science are now viewed ...

How different are European welfare-to-work schemes from American ‘workfare’? This paper sets up a distinction between ‘compliance’ and ‘productivity’ orientations in programme design. It analyses communications between politics and administration in the conduct of schemes in the US, the UK and the Netherlands, identifying for each scheme the configuration of legal rights, performance management...