The emergence and growth of transformation optics over the past decade has revitalized interest in how a gradient refractive index (GRIN) can be used to control light propagation. Two-dimensional demonstrations with lithographically defined silicon (Si) have displayed the power of GRIN optics and also represent a promising opportunity for integrating compact optical elements within Si photonic ...

A pair of small and low profile dual-polarization antennas has been developed for miniature indoor base station under the MIMO (Multiple-Input Multiple-Output) technology to restrain spatial correlation in LOS (Line-Of-Sight) channel environment. Both of the component antennas operate at 2GHz, it is expected to apply on IMT-2000 or LTE communication systems. The space volume is about W150×H120×...

We demonstrate a novel all-fiber acousto-optic tunable notch filter based on coupling to cladding modes in a single-mode fiber. The device has the advantage of low loss (<0.1 dB) and low polarization dependence. By coupling input light to multiple cladding modes by use of multiple acoustic waves, we achieved an electronically controllable variable spectral profile without a significant coherent...

During microbial infection, macrophages are polarized to classically activated (M1) or alternatively activated (M2) cells in response to microbial components and host immune mediators. Proper polarization of macrophages is critical for bacterial clearance. To study the role of macrophage polarization during Haemophilus ducreyi infection, we analyzed a panel of macrophage surface markers in skin...

A study of polarized light transmitted through randomly scattering media of a polystyrene-microsphere solution is described. Temporal profiles of the Stokes vectors and the degree of polarization are measured experimentally and calculated theoretically based on a Monte Carlo technique. The experimental results match the theoretical results well, which demonstrates that the time-resolved Monte C...

We present polarization observations of the radio emitting magnetar AXPJ1810−197. Using simultaneous multi-frequency observations performed at 1.4, 4.9 and 8.4 GHz, we obtained polarization information for single pulses and the average pulse profile at several epochs. We find that in several respects this magnetar source shows similarities to the emission properties of normal radio pulsars whil...

Many insects exploit skylight polarization for visual compass orientation or course control. As found in crickets, the peripheral visual system (optic lobe) contains three types of polarization-sensitive neurons (POL neurons), which are tuned to different ( approximately 60 degrees diverging) e-vector orientations. Thus each e-vector orientation elicits a specific combination of activities amon...

We present model calculations for the scattered flux and polarization of nuclear radiation having in mind the AGN unification scheme. It is our aim to survey the influence of several model parameters, especially, the influence of the torus. Additionally, we considerably improved present models, for instance by including multiple instead of single scattering. For these purposes, we developed a M...