The activity of hemolytically inactive C5b67, designated iC5b67, was evaluated as an agonist for functional responses of human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN). C5b67 was formed from purified human complement components and decayed in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) until it had no lytic activity for sheep erythrocytes in a standard assay. iC5b67, at nanomolar concentrations, stimulated PMN c...

Polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) in Pseudomonas aeruginosa-infected cornea are required to clear bacteria from affected tissue, yet their persistence may contribute to irreversible tissue destruction. This study examined the role of C-X-C chemokines in PMN infiltration into P. aeruginosa-infected cornea and the contribution of these mediators to disease pathology. After P. aeruginosa challen...

We describe two assays to detect the action of colony-inhibiting cells. In the first assay, we used a simple density separation technique to remove dense neutrophils (PMN) from suspensions of blood and of bone marrow cells prior to culture in semisolid agar. Conditions were arranged to ensure that control suspensions of unseparated cells and test suspensions of buoyant mononuclear cells differe...

It has been suggested that neutrophil (PMN) specific granules are important in cell aggregation, locomotion, hydroxyl radical formation, and in extracellular functions such as the generation of complement-related inflammatory mediators (C5a) and the feedback regulation of myelopoiesis. In the current studies, a 9-yr-old boy with a history of recurrent infections and specific granule deficiency ...

Polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) from patients with chronic granulomatous disease of childhood have impaired bactericidal activity and are deficient in diphosphopyridine nucleotide, reduced form of, (NADH) oxidase. Since hydrocortisone had been shown to inhibit NADH oxidation, experiments were undertaken to determine the effect of hydrocortisone on several parameters of human PMN function. T...

Neutrophil (PMN) infiltration and associated release of serine proteases contribute to epithelial injury during active phases of mucosal disorders such as inflammatory bowel disease. Previous studies have demonstrated that PMN contact with basolateral surfaces of intestinal epithelial cells in the presence of a chemoattractant results in disruption of barrier function even without transmigratio...

Migration of neutrophils (PMN) across epithelia is a pathological hallmark of numerous mucosal diseases. Whereas lesions at mucosal surfaces are generally self-limiting, endogenous mechanisms of resolution are incompletely understood. Previous studies revealed that resolvins directly act on PMN to attenuate transendothelial migration, less is known about the influence of resolvins on PMN-epithe...

Polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) achieve an intermediate or primed state of activation following stimulation with certain agonists. Primed PMN have enhanced responsiveness to subsequent stimuli, which can be beneficial in eliminating microbes but may cause host tissue damage in certain disease contexts, including sepsis. As PMN priming by TLR4 agonists is well described, we hypothesized that ...

Borage (Echium amoenum fisch) is one of the most commonly used medicinal plants, and has long been used as a traditional herbal medicine for many (non)infectious diseases in Iran. Study on photoredox and photoimmunology of borage is little. Natural immunomodulatory plants with minimal adverse/toxic effects could help boost animal health and, ultimately, public health. To determine the effect of...

Polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) mediate early immunity to infection but can also cause host damage if their effector functions are not controlled. Their lack or dysfunction is associated with severe health problems and thus the analysis of PMN physiology is a central issue. One prerequisite for PMN analysis is the availability of purified cells from primary organs. While human PMN are easil...