[1] The scaling of plate tectonic convection is investigated by simulating thermal convection with pseudoplastic rheology and strongly temperature‐dependent viscosity. The effect of mantle melting is also explored with additional depth‐dependent viscosity. Heat flow scaling can be constructed with only two parameters, the internal Rayleigh number and the lithospheric viscosity contrast, the lat...

NEPTUNE will “wire” the Juan de Fuca Plate in the northeast Pacific Ocean. It will enable in-depth study of life in extreme environments, plate tectonics, oceanography, and fisheries, to name but a few of the many topics. This will be accomplished by means of a multi-node submarine fiber-optic/power cable network deployed around the plate. It will provide power for the instrumentation as well a...

The sub-Himalayan thrust belt is an active thrust wedge which progresses southward over the northdipping Indian plate. The north–south compression resulted in severe deformation of sedimentary rocks in this belt. Distinct thrust geometries and topography have evolved under the interaction between tectonic and erosional environments. To better understand the relationship between tectonics and to...