It is widely accepted that all foods containing "fermentable carbohydrates" have the potential to contribute to caries formation. Fermentable carbohydrates are present in most starches and all sugars, including those that occur naturally in foods and those added in processed foods. The relative cariogenicity of chocolates is dependent on their composition, texture, solubility, retentiveness and...

background: multiple sclerosis (ms) is a chronic neurological disease that affects brain and spinal cord. the infratentorial region contains the cerebellum and brainstem. vestibular evoked myogenic potentials (vemps) are short-latency myogenic responses. cervical vestibular evoked myogenic potential (cvemp) is a manifestation of vestibulocolic reflex and ocular vestibular evoked myogenic potent...

herbal extracts have been successfully used in dentistry as tooth cleaning and antimicrobial plaque agents. the aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical effects of a dental gel containing barberry extracts (from berberis vulgaris) on gingivitis and microbial plaque control. a double blind clinical trial study was conducted in a dormitory on 45 boys aged 11-12 years having the same socioec...

Objectives: Periodontal pathogens need acidic environments to proliferate in periodontium, and their growth is affected by the salivary flow rate and pH of the mouth. Alterations in flow and acidity of saliva have an important effect on oral diseases such as periodontitis. This study was designed to compare salivary pH and flow rate before and after using green tea, black tea and coffee in pati...

AIM: Herbal mouthwashes, such as persica (Salvadora persica, mint and yarrow extracts) and miswak extract have been shown to decrease gingival inflammation and plaque accumulation. The aim of this study was to compare the antimicrobial activities of persica and miswak extract with the conventional mouthwash chlorhexidine against Streptococcus salivarius, Streptococcus sanguis, Lactobacillus vul...

INTRODUCTION To determine the prevalence and clinical/laboratory associations of subclinical atherosclerosis and impaired bone health in primary Sjogren's syndrome (SS). METHODS 64 consecutive patients with primary SS, 77 with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and 60 healthy controls (HC) οf similar age and sex distribution were enrolled. Demographics, clinical/laboratory features, classical risk fac...

objective: confocal laser scanning microscopy (clsm) is relatively a new light microscopical imaging technique with a wide range of applications in biological sciences. primary value of clsm for the biologist is its ability to provide optical sections from three-dimensional specimen. the present study was designed to assess the thickness content of in vivo accumulated dental plaque using clsm a...

Alkaline pH values and bicarbonate greatly reduce the mobility and uptake of Fe, causing Fe deficiency chlorosis. In the present work, the effects of pH and bicarbonate on the uptake and accumulation of Fe in the roots of cucumber were studied by Mössbauer spectroscopy combined with physiological tests and diaminobenzidine enhanced Perls staining. Mössbauer spectra of Fe-deficient cucumber root...