There is significant interest in identifying and characterizing allosteric sites in enzymes such as protein kinases both for understanding allosteric mechanisms as well as for drug discovery. Here, we apply a site-directed technology, disulfide trapping, to interrogate structurally and functionally how an allosteric site on the Ser/Thr kinase, 3-phosphoinositide-dependent kinase 1 (PDK1)--the P...

Activity of the serine-threonine protein kinase PINOID (PID) has been implicated in the asymmetrical localization of the membrane-associated PINFORMED (PIN) family of auxin transport facilitators. However, the means by which PID regulates PIN protein distribution is unknown. We have used recombinant PID protein to dissect the regulation of PID activity in vitro. We demonstrate that intramolecul...

conclusions the present study was the first report on the isolation and identification of t. ptyseos from pif in iran. t. ptyseos are frequently present in various kinds of foods; therefore, further investigation on these samples is required. it is necessary to track the t. ptyseos in a wide variety of foods and individuals especially in immunocompromised people such as human immunodeficiency v...

Enterobacter sakazakii represents a significant risk to the health of neonates. This bacterium is an emerging opportunistic pathogen that is associated with rare but life-threatening cases of meningitis, necrotizing enterocolitis, and sepsis in premature and full-term infants. Infants aged <28 days are considered to be most at risk. Feeding with powdered infant formula (PIF) has been epidemiolo...

DNA methylation and histone modifications are important epigenetic markers involved in transcriptional gene regulation in animals and plants. In Arabidopsis, IDM1 is a histone acetyltransferase that plays critical roles in preventing hypermethylation of DNA and transcriptional gene silencing, but the mechanism(s) by which IDM1 is targeted to specific genomic loci is still unclear. Here, we find...

Multiphase flow is a prevalent topic in many disciplines, and regime identification an essential foundation multiphase research. Computer vision deep learning have achieved numerous excellent models, but not demonstrated satisfactory performance fundamental research, including identification. This research proposes advanced pseudo-image feature (PIF) as the descriptor benchmark of multiple clas...

Phytochrome-interacting factors (PIFs) play important roles in photomorphogenesis, the shade avoidance response, and other aspects of plant growth and development. PIF family proteins have been well-studied in Arabidopsis thaliana, but little is known about their physiological functions and molecular mechanisms in maize (Zea mays). In this study, we investigated the physiological functions of Z...

Light signals perceived by the phytochromes induce the transition from skotomorphogenic to photomorphogenic development (deetiolation) in dark-germinated seedlings. Evidence that a quadruple mutant (pifq) lacking four phytochrome-interacting bHLH transcription factors (PIF1, 3, 4, and 5) is constitutively photomorphogenic in darkness establishes that these factors sustain the skotomorphogenic s...

A complete reference genome of the Apis mellifera Filamentous virus (AmFV) was determined using Illumina Hiseq sequencing. The AmFV genome is a double stranded DNA molecule of approximately 498,500 nucleotides with a GC content of 50.8%. It encompasses 247 non-overlapping open reading frames (ORFs), equally distributed on both strands, which cover 65% of the genome. While most of the ORFs lacke...

This thesis addresses a problem which arises when different computer systems attempt to share data through an interchange format. Let us suppose that the format has a provision for storing system-specific data. After one system exports a file in this format, a second system importing the file may find it inconvenient or impossible to accommodate data specific to the first. While this loss of in...