Mechanical forces due to fetal movements play an important role in joint shape morphogenesis, and abnormalities of the joints relating to abnormal fetal movements can have long-term health implications. While mechanical stimulation during development has been shown to be important for joint shape, the relationship between the quantity of mechanical stimulation and the growth and shape change of...

Most neurotransmitters inhibit their own release through autoreceptors. However, the physiological functions of these presynaptic inhibitions are still poorly understood, in part because their time course and functional characteristics have not been described in vivo. Dopamine inhibits its own release through D2 autoreceptors. Here, the part played by autoinhibition in the relationship between ...

Recently, the most popular research in the field of emotion recognition on human-computer interaction is to recognize human's feeling using various physiological signals. In the psychophysiological research, it is known that there is strong correlation between human emotion state and physiological reaction. In this study, seven kinds of emotion (happiness, sadness, anger, fear, disgust, surpris...

From the model of quality life and person-centered care (Kitwood, 1997), we present a case study with aim evaluating benefit Snoezelen multisensory stimulation (SMS) in an 88-year-old subject unspecified dementia, GDS6, recurrent depressive disorder. For this purpose, pretest-posttest design was chosen, intervention consisting one weekly Snoezelen session for five weeks. To assess the...

BackgroundModulating brainstem activity, via electrical vagus nerve stimulation (VNS), influences cognitive functions, including memory. However, controlling for changes in stimulus efficacy during chronic studies, and response variability between subjects, is problematic.Objective/Hypothesis: We hypothesized that recruitment of an autonomic reflex, the Hering-Breuer would provide robust confir...

Since the seminal report by Shapiro that bilateral stimulation induces cognitive and emotional changes, 26 years of basic and clinical research have examined the effects of Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) in anxiety disorders, particularly in post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The present article aims at better understanding EMDR neural mechanism. I first review procedu...

OBJECTIVE To compare two commonly used TMS coils, namely the Medtronic MC-B70 double coil and the Magstim 70 mm double coil, with respect to their electric field distributions induced on the cortex. METHODS Electric field properties are calculated on a hemisphere representing the cortex using a spherical head model. The coil designs are characterised using several parameters, such as focality...

Abstract Paired associative stimulation (PAS) is a unique paradigm for inducing Hebbian-like plasticity, and observing associated physiological neuropsychiatric effects in the intact human brain. Although PAS powerful non-invasive brain paradigm, it not fully elucidated what neurophysiological causes There are two major technical issues measuring activity by scalp electroencephalography (EEG) d...

the aim of this investigation is to compare the effect of applying two transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (tens) current with different frequencies (2 hz & 100 hz) on hoffmann reflex recorded from gastrosoleus muscle of healthy people. forty female subjects between 20 to 30 years of age were participated in this quasi-experimental design. twenty of them were exposed to the 100 hz curre...

background: motor function impairment occurs in approximately two-thirds of patients with subcortical stroke. repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rtms) is a noninvasive technique for modulating cortical excitability. objectives: the present study was designed for assessing the efficacy of high-frequency rtms (5 hz) on ipsilesional primary motor cortex in patients with subcortical stro...