The repeated evolution of C4 photosynthesis in independent lineages has resulted in distinct biogeographical distributions in different phylogenetic lineages and the variants of C4 photosynthesis. However, most previous studies have only considered C3/C4 differences without considering phylogeny, C4 subtype, or habitat characteristics. We hypothesized that independent lineages of C4 grasses hav...

grain quality currently represents a major problem in high yielding rice production in iran and many other rice producing areas of the world. quality assessment of rice involves the function of sensory tests and physicochemical determinations based on the chemical composition, cooking quality, gelatinization temperature and physical properties of cooked rice. these research genetic materials we...

abstract soil crust decreases soil infiltration and prevents plant stablishment. thus reduction of crust effects is a prominent way to avert desertification. this study was conducted to investigate the effect of polyacrylamide on emergence of canola seedlings in a crusted soil and some physicochemical properties of soil such as ph, ec, sar and bulk density in a field located in date and tropica...

Plant community composition influences soil microbial communities through plant trait variations that lead to changes in nutrient and organic carbon inputs into the by root exudates litter. Although litter living roots are known influence functioning independently, their relative effects rarely measured simultaneously naturally occurring communities. Here, we sought evaluate how forest floor ab...

this study was intended to evaluate the quality of 30 honey samples, in terms of physicochemical properties such as moisture content, electrical conductivity, ash content, reducing sugars and sucrose, free acidity, ph, diastase activity, and hydroxymethylfurfural (hmf) content. moreover, three methods recommended by the international honey commission for the determination of hmf, including 1) h...

background: the prangos ferulacea (pf)–yogurt is a traditional food in iran. this study investigated the effects of pf on the microbial, physicochemical and sensory properties of probiotic yoghurt. methods: pasteurized low fat milk was heated up to 85°c, cooled to 40°c, and then mixed with conventional and lactobacillus casei starter cultures incubated at 37°c until ph decreased to 4.6. then, t...

saffron flower (crocus sativus) is one of the most precious spices in the world. in this respect, thesaffron style samples were gathered from the farms of torbat-heidariyeh located in south khorasanprovince during one year and their preparation was performed based on the common manufacturingstandards. then, in order to considering the international and national standards for saffron and spicese...

• A review of CO 2 thickening as promising technology for oilfield application. Specific thickeners eliminate viscous fingering and gravity segregation issues. have been categorized into five types, depending on chemical nature. Thickening methodology was described to attain optimal viscosity solubility traits. It is necessary develop effective thickeners, while considering cost toxicity. The r...