The scientific research process usually begins with an examination of the advanced, which may include voluminous publications. Summarizing articles can assist researchers in their by speeding up process. summary differs from abstract text general due to its specific structure and inclusion cited sentences. Most important information is presented tables, statistics, algorithm pseudocode. These f...

A random sample of 628 Web pages registered with Yahoo! was analyzed for use of META tags and specifically the DESCRIPTION tag; 357 contained META tags and 163 used the DESCRIPTION tag. Some of the descriptions greatly exceeded typical length guidelines of 150 or 200 characters. A minority duplicated exactly phrasing found in the visible text; most repeated some words and phrases. Noun phrases ...

One of the key properties of (natural) languages is that they are hierarchical. Phrases combine into larger phrases eventually covering complete sentences. The semantics of each phrase combine to form the complex meaning of the whole. A key question in explaining the origins and evolution of language is therefore how such hierarchical structures may originate and spread in a population. This pa...

One problem with phrase-based statistical machine translation is the problem of longdistance reordering when translating between languages with different word orders, such as Japanese-English. In this paper, we propose a method of imposing reordering constraints using document-level context. As the documentlevel context, we use noun phrases which significantly occur in context documents contain...

A natural language understanding system for a restricted domain of discourse thermodynamic exercises at an introductory level is presented. The system transforms texts into a formal meaning representation language based on cases. The semantical interpretat ion of sentences and phrases is controlled by case frames formulated around verbs and surface grammatical roles in noun phrases. During the ...

Little is known about the determining influences on the length of silent intervals at IP boundaries and no current models accurately predict their duration. The contribution of independent factors with different characteristic properties to pause duration needs to be explored. The present study seeks to investigate if pause duration is correlated with the length of sentences or phrases precedin...

In this paper, we describe an algorithm that employs syntactic and statistical analysis to extract bilingual collocations from a parallel corpus. The preferred syntactic patterns are obtained from idioms and collocations in a machine-readable dictionary. Phrases matching the patterns are extract from aligned sentences in a parallel corpus. Those phrases are subsequently matched up via cross-lin...

The present paper reports on an attempt to annotate noun phrases in Hungarian using cascaded regular grammars. Hungarian presents several difficulties to shallow parsing such as discourse oriented constituent order as well as left-branching recursive possessive and participle structure inside noun phrases. The approach uses cascaded regular grammars and was developed with the CLaRK system. The ...

We use reinforcement learning to learn tree-structured neural networks for computing representations of natural language sentences. In contrast with prior work on tree-structured models, in which the trees are either provided as input or predicted using supervision from explicit treebank annotations, the tree structures in this work are optimized to improve performance on a downstream task. Exp...

In this paper, we show that the lexical function model for composition of distributional semantic vectors can be improved by adopting a more advanced regression technique. We use the pathwise coordinate-descent optimized elastic-net regression method to estimate the composition parameters, and compare the resulting model with several recent alternative approaches in the task of composing simple...