BACKGROUND Patients have been described with loss-of-function CYP24A1 (cytochrome P450, family 24, subfamily A, polypeptide 1) mutations that cause a high ratio of 25-hydroxyvitamin D to 24,25-dihydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D/24,25(OH)2D], increased serum 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D, and resulting hypercalcemia, hypercalciuria and nephrolithiasis. A 25(OH)D/24,25(OH)2D ratio that can identify patients w...

6-Aminocoumarin on treatment with oxalyl chloride gives coumarinyl-6-isocynate (1a-c) which on treatment with glycine gives 1H-3-[2'-oxo-2'H-benzopyran-6'-yl]-5-imidazolidine-2, 4-dione (2a-c). (2a-c) when refluxed with o-chlorobenzaldehyde, m-hydroxybenzaldehyde, 3,4-dimethoxybenzaldehyde and 3-nitrobenzaldehyde separately gives 1H-5-(2"-chlorobenzylidene)-3-(2'-oxo-2'H-benzopyran-6'-yl) imida...

Knowledge of the ability of the female reproductive system to metabolize environmental chemicals is critical not only from the standpoint of toxicity but also from infertility risk assessment. Benzo(a)pyrene (BaP) is a toxicant that is released into the environment from automobile exhausts, cigarette smoke, burning of refuse, industrial emissions, and hazardous waste sites. In exposed animals, ...

The metabolism of some steroids has been investigated in liver microsomal preparations from male germ-free and conventional rats. Hydroxylation of 4-[4-14C]androstene3,17-dione in positions 60 and 16~~ is about 2 and 1.5 times more efficient in germ-free than in conventional rats. The same is true for 6/3and Zol-hydroxylation of 4-[4J4C]pregnene-3,20-dione (about 1.6 and 1.2 times larger, respe...

BACKGROUND Biotransformation is an effective technique for the synthesis of libraries of bioactive compounds. Current study on microbial transformation of dihydrotestosterone (DHT) (1) was carried out to produce various functionalized metabolites. RESULTS Microbial transformation of DHT (1) by using two fungal cultures resulted in potent butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) inhibitors. Biotransformat...

The tidal evolution through several resonances involving Mimas, Enceladus, and/or Dione is studied numerically with an averaged resonance model. We find that, in the Enceladus–Dione 2:1 e-Enceladus type resonance, Enceladus evolves chaotically in the future for some values of k2/Q. Past evolution of the system is marked by temporary capture into the Enceladus–Dione 4:2 ee ′-mixed resonance. We ...

The expedient synthesis of various 1,4-benzodiazepine-2,5-dione compounds, particularly those having substituents at the C3-, N1- and N4-positions is achieved. The important features in these synthetic strategies include: (i) using the coupling reaction of isatoic anhydride with alpha-amino ester for direct construction of the core structure of 1,4-benzodiazepine-2,5-dione; (ii) using potassium...

Recent studies from this laboratory have demonstrated that 19-nor-deoxycorticosterone, a potent mineralocorticoid, has been excreted in excess in the urine of young spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). Although urinary 19-nor-deoxycorticosterone levels decline before the onset of hypertension, preliminary evidence suggests that 19-nor-deoxycorticosterone is further oxygenated to other steroid...