After more than 30 years of research and 30 failed clinical trials with as many different treatments, progesterone is the first agent to demonstrate robust clinical efficacy as a treatment for traumatic brain injuries. It is currently being investigated in two, independent phase III clinical trials in hospital settings; however, it presents a formidable solubility challenge that has so far prev...

BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to develop an optimized solid self-microemulsifying drug delivery system (SMEDDS) formulation for sirolimus to enhance its solubility, stability, and bioavailability. METHODS Excipients used for enhancing the solubility and stability of sirolimus were screened. A phase-separation test, visual observation for emulsifying efficiency, and droplet size analysi...

Aktrrct-Aqueous-phase oxidation of SO, occurs via a sequence of steps consisting of gas-phase diffusion, mass transfer at the gas-water interface, hydrolysis and ionization of the dissolved sulfur-IV, aqueous-phase diffusion, and oxidation reaction. Expressions are given for the characteristic times of these several processes for reaction in aqueous droplets. Readily applicable crite.ria are de...

Solubility is the phenomenon of dissolution of solid in liquid phase to give a homogenous There are many techniques which are used to enhance the aqueous solu aqueous solubility can thus be a valuable aid to increasing efficiency and/or reducing side effects for drugs. This is true for parenterally, topically and orally administered solutions. used for the improvement of the solubility of poorl...

Near-infrared and ultraviolet absorption of water-benzene mixtures has been measured at temperatures and pressures in the ranges of 323-673 K and 50-400 bar, respectively. Concentrations of water and benzene in both the water-rich phase and the benzene-rich phase of the mixtures were obtained from absorption intensities of near-infrared bands of water and benzene and ultraviolet bands of benzen...

Self-emulsifying drug delivery systems (SEDDS) were prepared by dissolving Cremophor EL, Tween 20, Tween 80 and Span 80 (1% or 5%) in oils (Miglyol 812 or castor oil). Solubilities of three ophthalmic drugs, namely aciclovir, hydrocortisone and indomethacin were determined in these systems. In addition, the effect of a small amount of water (0.5% and 2%) on solubilization properties of the syst...

Solubility of hydrocarbons in water is important due to ecological concerns and new restrictions on the existence of organic pollutants in water streams. Also, the creation of a thermodynamic model has required an advanced study of the phase equilibrium between water (as a basis for the widest spread muds and amines) and gas hydrocarbon phases in wide temperature and pressure ranges. Therefore,...

Ferulic acid (4-hydroxy-3-methoxycinnamic acid), an effective component of medical plant, is a phenolic acid with low toxicity that can be absorbed and easily metabolized in the human body. The solubility of Ferulic Acid (FA) is very low in aqueous solutions which can cause problem in preparation of pharmaceutical products, but it can easily be dissolved in oil/water interface of <...

In this study, we use solubility and drop-solution calorimetry measurements to determine the thermodynamic properties of the uranyl phosphate phases autunite, uranyl hydrogen phosphate, and uranyl orthophosphate. Conducting the solubility measurements from both supersaturated and undersaturated conditions and under different pH conditions rigorously demonstrates attainment of equilibrium and yi...