Introduction The purpose of this paper is to describe a method for measuring the phase and magnitude of a sinusoidal signal by using four reference square waves of the same frequency, each offset from the previous one by 90 degrees. This mechanism is easily implemented for mid-audio frequencies, such as 5 KHz. What makes it useful is that the task of doing phase and magnitude measurements of RF...

In phase-shifting interferometry spatial nonuniformity of the phase shift gives a significant error in the evaluated phase when the phase shift is nonlinear. However, current error-compensating algorithms can counteract the spatial nonuniformity only in linear miscalibrations of the phase shift. We describe an errorexpansion method to construct phase-shifting algorithms that can compensate for ...

In this paper we introduce ASIA, a sampling-based image annotation technique for high-level image retrieval. ASIA consists of two phases. In the first phase we create off-line an annotated image database with high-level image concepts using low-level image features such as the colors and structure of sample objects. This annotation technique uses a new sampling-based matching framework relative...

We present a method, Non-Stationary Forward Flux Sampling, that allows efficient simulation of rare events in both stationary and non-stationary stochastic systems. The method uses stochastic branching and pruning to achieve uniform sampling of trajectories in phase space and time, leading to accurate estimates for time-dependent switching propensities and time-dependent phase space probability...

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We compute expectation values for the solution of the nuclear Schrödinger equation. The proposed particle method consists of three steps: sampling of the initial Wigner function, classical transport of the sampling points, weighted phase space summation for the final computation of the expectation values. The Egorov theorem guarantees that the algorithm is second order accurate with respect to ...

Recently we have proposed a noniterative and analytic phase retrieval method using the filter of an aperture array to reconstruct a complex-valued object from a diffraction intensity pattern [Phys. Rev. Lett.98, 223901 (2007)], but this method suffers from the restriction of the far-field condition of two distances between the object and the filter and between the filter and the detector for th...

A new method, fragment-based local elevation umbrella sampling (FB-LEUS), is proposed to enhance the conformational sampling in explicit-solvent molecular dynamics (MD) simulations of solvated polymers. The method is derived from the local elevation umbrella sampling (LEUS) method [ Hansen and Hünenberger , J. Comput. Chem. 2010 , 31 , 1 - 23 ], which combines the local elevation (LE) conformat...

An observer based variable sampling period phase locked loop is introduced for grid connected systems. The composite observer acts as an efficient estimator of the fundamental components from a periodic input signal rich in DC and harmonics. The observer gains are designed using pole placement technique, which inherently ensures the stability of this estimator. Even under drift frequency, a con...

Any linear phase sampling algorithm can be described as a linear filter characterized by its frequency response. In traditional phase sampling interferometry the phase of the frequency response has been ignored because the impulse responses can be made real selecting the correct sample offset. However least squares methods and recursive filters can have a complex frequency response. In this pap...