The present study was designed to examine the activity of the sodium-independent chloride-bicarbonate anion exchanger and the sodium-proton exchanger in erythrocytes of 30 normotensive and 35 hypertensive subjects and its relation to the previously reported decrease in erythrocyte pH. Erythrocyte cytosolic pH was measured by the pH-sensitive fluorescent probe 2'-7'-bis(2-carboxyethyl)- 5(6)-car...

Translocation is a necessary and rate-limiting step for diphtheria toxin (DT) cytotoxicity. We have reconstituted DT translocation in a cell-free system using endosomes purified from lymphocytes and have demonstrated this using two different probe/cell systems, which provided identical results: 125I-DT/human CEM cells and 125I-transferrin-DT/mouse BW cells. The cell-free DT translocation proces...

Na+ was found to be essential for the accumulation of sucrose by Vibrio alginolyticus. Sucrose uptake was completely inhibited by the addition of proton conductor at neutral pH, but not at alkaline pH, where the primary electrogenic Na+ pump generates the Na+ electrochemical gradient. We therefore conclude that sucrose transport is driven by the electrochemical potential of Na+ in this organism.

Soil acidity is a major constraint on plant productivity. Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi support plant colonization in acidic soil, but soil acidity also constrains fungal growth and diversity. Fungi in extreme environments generally evolve towards specialists, suggesting that AM fungi in acidic soil are acidic-soil specialists. In our previous surveys, however, some AM fungi detected in str...

This Technical Overview shows that the Agilent Buffer Advisor software in com‐ bination with the Agilent 1260 Infinity Bio‐inert Quaternary LC System is an ideal solution for automated protein separation by ionic strength gradients. Usually, pH scouting using premixed two‐component gradients is time‐consuming and work‐ intensive. Dynamically mixed four‐component gradients calculated by the Buff...

This Technical Overview shows that the Agilent Buffer Advisor software in combination with the Agilent 1260 Infi nity Bio-inert Quaternary LC System is an ideal solution for automated protein separation by ionic strength gradients. Usually, pH scouting using premixed two-component gradients is time-consuming and workintensive. Dynamically mixed four-component gradients calculated by the Buffer ...

A novel pH-sensitive liposome encapsulating doxorubicin was prepared by a NH(4)HCO(3) gradient method. The liposomes were able to release the drug at pH 5.0 by the production of CO(2) gas. More importantly, the drug-loaded liposome effectively circumvented the breast cancer cells resistant to doxorubicin.

Escherichia coli O56 were originally isolated from infected humans. Here it is reported that using the zwitterionic detergent (Zwittergent Z 3-14) to isolate outer membrane proteins (OMPs) from Escherichia coli O56 is suitable for their separation by two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE) using pH 3-10 immobilized pH gradient IPG strips (BIO-RAD).

The C3-symmetric triamide selectively transports NO3- anions across lipid vesicles: this H+-NO3- co-transporter alters the pH inside of liposomes experiencing a NO3-/Cl- gradient.

Voltage-activated H+ currents were studied in rat alveolar epithelial cells using tight-seal whole-cell voltage clamp recording and highly buffered, EGTA-containing solutions. Under these conditions, the tail current reversal potential, Vrev, was close to the Nernst potential, EH, varying 52 mV/U pH over four delta pH units (delta pH = pHo - pHi). This result indicates that H+ channels are extr...