Pesticide companies and regulators in developing countries use the United Nations Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO) recommended pictograms on pesticide labels to communicate risk information based on toxicological and environmental risk assessment data. The pesticide label not only is often the only access people have to pesticide risk information, but also in many countries is a legally...

A 17 year old male developed adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), seizures, intravascular hemolysis and peripheral neuropathy following self-poisoning with a pesticide containing 14.5% indoxacarb. He was managed conservatively with fluid management, antibiotics, mechanical ventilation and physiotherapy. There is limited data concerning the human toxicity of indoxacarb. This case demonstr...

An Integrated Pest Management is formulated as a threshold policy. It is shown that when this strategy is applied to a food web consisting of generalist, specialist predators and endemic and pest prey, the dynamics can be stable and useful from the pest control point of view, despite the dynamical complexities inherent to the application of biocontrol only. In addition, pesticide toxicity depen...

Of the 1,693 pesticides considered in this review, 1,594 are organic chemicals, 47 are inorganic chemicals, 53 are of biological origin (largely non chemical; insect,fungus, bacteria, virus, etc.), and 2 have an undetermined structure. Considering that the EPA's Office of Pesticide Programs found 1,252 pesticide active ingredients(EPA Pesticides Customer Service 2011), we consider this dataset ...

Acknowledgements This report is the product of a collaborative project among regional, state, and federal agencies involved in reducing pesticide runoff in California. The Resource Conservation District (RCD) of Monterey County was the lead agency procuring and administering the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Conservation Innovation Grant which funded the majority of this work. ...

Abstract Pesticides constitute an integral part of modern agriculture. However, there are still concerns about their effects on non-target organisms. To address this the European Commission has imposed a stringent regulatory scheme for new pesticide compounds. Assessment aquatic toxicity pesticides is based range advanced tests. This does not apply to terrestrial ecosystems, where soil microorg...

There is an increasing concern regarding the widespread use of pesticides and their potential impacts on public health. Pesticides differ from other chemical substances because they are toxic chemicals deliberately spread into the environment with the aim of controlling undesired living species. Since their toxicity may not be completely specific for the target organisms, their use may pose a r...

Several in vitro tests, including transcriptome analysis of neural cells, were performed to assess the capacity 39 pesticides act as thyroid hormone disruptors (THD). Although some elicit a cellular response, which interferes with signaling, we found no evidence that they can receptor agonists or antagonists. We conclude nuclear receptors are not common targets THD, and pesticide neurodevelopme...