Asymmetric tubular alumina-supported poly(vinyl acetate) (PVAc) and poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) (PVP) membranes were created and characterized by pervaporation separation of binary mixtures of methanol and methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE). The active separation layer was created by free-radical graft polymerization of PVAc and PVP onto a vinylsilane-modified alumina substrate with an average native p...

Steam reforming of ethanol in the membrane reactor using the Pd77Ag23 membrane was evaluated in Ni/CeO2 and Co/CeO2 at atmospheric pressure. At 673 K, the H2 yield in the Pd77Ag23 membrane reactor over Co/CeO2 was found to be higher than that over Ni/CeO2, although the H2 yield over Ni/CeO2 exceeded that over Co/CeO2 at 773 K. This difference was owing to their reaction mechanism. At 773 K, the...

In this work, a unique D-amino acid oxidase reactor for enhanced enzymolysis efficiency is presented. A kind of magnetic polymer matrices, composed of iron oxide nanoparticles and porous polymer membrane (poly styrene-co-maleic anhydride), was prepared. With covalent bonding D-Amino acid oxidase on the surface of the matrices and characterization of scanning electron microscope and vibrating sa...

This paper considers the relative merits of three optimization objective functions for the design of an energy efficient pervaporation membrane network for ethanol dehydration: the minimization of the standard deviation of the thermodynamic driving force, of the entropy generation, and of the power of separation. The resulting designs are compared with those of a standard numerical optimization...

−− Rh, Ni and Rh-Ni catalysts were prepared by wet impregnation of La2O3. The Rh content was modified but the Ni loading was kept constant at 2 wt%. The solids were calcined at 823 K in air flow and were reduced at 973 K in flowing hydrogen. The activity, stability, and residue formation during the CO2 reforming of CH4, of all the catalysts were tested in a fixed-bed reactor. Those with low car...

In the Hydrogen based economy, distributed power generation systems using fuel cell technology require modularity. This modularity in power generation can be achieved by process intensification of the equipments involved. The water gas shift reaction is an integral part of hydrocarbon based Hydrogen generation and the reaction is kinetically limited and hence occupies the largest volume. Proces...

Membrane technology applied in the chemical and energy industry has the potential to overcome many drawbacks of conventional technologies such as the need of large volume plants and large CO2 emissions. Recently, it has been reported that this technology might become more competitive...

Recovery of ammonia (NH3) from residual waters offers various reuse opportunities, such as the production fertilisers and generation electricity heat. However, simultaneous evaporation water (H2O) during NH3 stripping under vacuum results in diluted recovered gas with high H2O contents. Whereas porous gas-permeable membranes are already used for stripping, use non-porous silica-based pervaporat...

In this paper, we address the conceptual design of the bioethanol process from switchgrass via gasification. A superstructure is postulated for optimizing energy use that embeds direct or indirect gasification, followed by steam reforming or partial oxidation. Next, the gas composition is adjusted with membrane-PSA or water gas shift. Membrane separation, absorption with ethanol-amines and PSA ...

Mixed matrix membranes (MMMs) are attracting significant interest for pervaporation and gas separation applications. To better comprehend the impact of filler particles within polymer matrices, the species permeation mass transport was theoretically studied by numerical simulation using finite differences. The Fick’s second law of diffusion was solved for a three-dimensional MMM to obtain the c...