OBJECTIVE The aim of this work was to determine the radiation dose received by infants from radiographic exposure and the contribution from scatter radiation due to radiographic exposure of other infants in the same room. MATERIALS AND METHODS We retrospectively evaluated the entrance skin doses (ESDs) and effective doses of 23 infants with a gestational age as low as 28 weeks. ESDs were dete...

A specific absorption rate (SAR) measurements system has been developed for compliance testing of personal mobile phone in a brain phantom material contained in a Perspex box. The volume of the box has been chosen corresponding to the volume of a small rat and illuminated by a 3G mobile phone frequency (1718.5 MHz), and the emitted radiation directed toward brain phantom .The induced fields in ...

Amongst a number of NDE methods Ultrasonics has been a tool of choice to inspect, since the likely defects and important material properties are most easily, and inexpensively, uncovered in ultrasonic NDE. Due to physical constraints of accessing the other side of the structure and the immeasurability of transmitted signal (like cardiovascular imaging), ultrasonic reflection technique has great...

Incorporation of a resolution model during statistical image reconstruction often produces images of improved resolution and signal-to-noise ratio. A novel and practical methodology to rapidly and accurately determine the overall emission and detection blurring component of the system matrix using a printed point source array within a custom-made Perspex phantom is presented. The array was scan...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE ATP, released from urothelial cells, modulates afferent nerve firing from the urinary bladder. Here, we have characterized ATP release from the rat bladder mucosa in response to acid, capsaicin, electrical field stimulation (EFS) and stretch, using agonists and antagonists at transient receptor potential vanilloid receptor 1 (TRPV1) and acid-sensing ion channels (ASICs). ...

The machine described is in commercial production although the perfusions, to date, were performed with the prototype described by Ross (1960a). The extracorporeal circuit is mounted on the front of the machine (Fig. 1) under the vision of the perfusionist and comprises: Coronary suction reservoir (A) into which all wound and coronary sinus blood is returned by suction from a horizontally mount...

BACKGROUND Radiotherapy is one of the mainstays in the treatment for cancer, but its success can be limited due to inherent or acquired resistance. Mechanisms underlying radioresistance in various cancers are poorly understood and available radiosensitizers have shown only modest clinical benefit. There is thus a need to identify new targets and drugs for more effective sensitization of cancer ...

Verification of dose to the anterior rectal wall in helical tomotherapy to the prostate is important due to the close proximity of the rectal wall to the treatment field. The steep dose gradient makes these measurements challenging. A phantom-based study was completed, aimed at developing a system for measurement of anterior rectal wall doses during hypofractionated prostate stereotactic body r...

Mechanical tortoise: A replica of W. Grey Walter’s 1951 robot Machina Speculatrix, incorporating several original parts, but without the perspex shell responsible for the tortoise nickname, built by Ian Horsfield and Owen Holland in the Bristol Robotics Lab. (Photo: Alan Winfield.) W. Grey Walter (1910–1977), a US-born neurophysiologist and EEG specialist at Bristol, UK, made important contribu...

In the present study, we have examined neurochemical correlates that may be involved in the differential cardiovascular responses observed in normotensive and hypertensive rats during stress. Using a restraint stress paradigm, both normotensive Wistar Kyoto (WKY) and Spontaneously Hypertensive rats (SHR) underwent acute (1 h restraint in a perspex tube), chronic (1 h restraint for ten consecuti...