OBJECTIVE To analyze the evolution of catastrophic health expenditure and the inequalities in such expenses, according to the socioeconomic characteristics of Brazilian families. METHODS Data from the National Household Budget 2002-2003 (48,470 households) and 2008-2009 (55,970 households) were analyzed. Catastrophic health expenditure was defined as excess expenditure, considering different ...

background health literacy presents an enormous challenge in the delivery of effective healthcare and quality outcomes. we evaluated the impact of low health literacy (lhl) on healthcare utilization and healthcare expenditure.   methods database analysis used medical expenditure panel survey (meps) from 2005-2008 which provides nationally representative estimates of healthcare utilization and e...

a survey was conducted to study the nursing faculty,s problems in clinical evaluation of nursing students in iran medical sciences-university, school of nursing and midwifery (tehran 1994) the especific purposes of this study were to identify the personal characteristics of the subjects. to identify the problems they faced in clinical evaluation in relation to certain personal characteristics o...

This study examined the effects of climate change on food expenditure in rural household of Iran. Food expenditure is investigated as a function of average income of rural households, retail food price index and food expenditure for rural households, agricultural sown area and climate change. Here, the Stata11 software is used and data are from 26 provinces of the country for 10 years. Precipit...

Background and Aim: The health financing system is "the process of collecting, pooling and managing financial resources and purchasing healthcare services”. Iran's health financing system is facing challenges. The aim of this study was to evaluate the Iranian health financing system.         Materials and Methods: This descriptive study retrospectively evaluated the health financing system of...

Background: In all countries, health expenditures are a main part of government expenditure, and governments try to find policies and strategies to reduce this expenditure. Overall expenditure index has been raised 30 times during the past 20 years in Iran, while in the health sector, the growth in health expenditures index has been 71 times. The present study aimed at examining health care exp...

the aim of this study was to explore the associations between occupational stress measured through job demand control (jdc), and burnout among lawyers in sri lanka. the job demand-control model and the burnout model are among the most used theoretical frameworks that relate job characteristics to health and well-being of individuals. this study included 290 respondent lawyers practicing in the ...

Background: Individual and professional features have a positive impact on success, performance improvement, and other behavioral variables in all organizations. Social health is an important components for the employees of every organization. This research was carried out to investigate the effect of individual and professional factors on the social health of faculty members of Islamic Azad un...