Changes in carbohydrate metabolism, admittedly one of the most prevalent etiologies of Méière's syndrome, can be diagnosed early by 5-hour glucose and insulin curves with a 100-g glucose load, a test more sensitive than those traditionally used in investigating impaired glucose tolerance or diabetes mellitus. This study investigated carbohydrate metabolism characteristics in 64 patients with ty...

Insulin/insulin-like growth factor (IGF) plays an important role as a systemic regulator of metabolism in multicellular organisms. Hyperinsulinemia, a high level of blood insulin, is often associated with impaired physiological conditions such as hypoglycemia, insulin resistance, and diabetes. However, due to the complex pathophysiology of hyperinsulinemia, the causative role of excess insulin/...

OBJECTIVE The MiniMed Continuous Glucose Monitoring System (CGMS) measures subcutaneous interstitial glucose levels that are calibrated against three or more fingerstick glucose levels daily. The objective of the present study was to examine whether the relationship between plasma and interstitial fluid glucose is altered by changes in plasma glucose and insulin levels and how such alterations ...

Congenital or monogenic hyperinsulinism (HI) is a group of rare genetic disorders characterized by dysregulated insulin secretion and the most common cause persistent hypoglycemia in children. Knowledge normal glucose homeostasis allows for better understanding underlying pathophysiology hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia, facilitating timely diagnosis management. The goal management to prevent cere...

Norepinephrine (NE) and epinephrine (Epi) help maintain normal blood glucose levels by stimulating glucagon release, glycogenolysis, and food consumption, and by inhibiting insulin release. The absence of NE and Epi in dopamine beta-hydroxylase-null (Dbh-/-) mice results in chronically low blood glucose levels, an impaired glucagon response to hypoglycemia, and elevated insulin levels. Neverthe...

Hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia are both predictors for adverse outcome in critically ill patients. Hyperinsulinemia is induced by inflammatory stimuli as a relevant mechanism for glucose lowering in the critically ill. The incretine hormone GLP-1 was currently found to be induced by endotoxin, leading to insulin secretion and glucose lowering under inflammatory conditions in mice. Here, we desc...

The objective of our study was to investigate the effect of hyperinsulinemia associated with either euglycemia, hypoglycemia, or hyperglycemia on the short-term mitotic activity of arterial smooth muscle cells (SMCs) after aortic injury. The proliferative reaction of arterial SMCs was provoked by the passage of an embolectomy catheter with a tightly inflated balloon. DNA synthesis was measured ...