Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) results from a structural compromise of the upper airway combined with decrease in muscle tone during sleep. Overt upper airway pathology is rare, however a variety of pharyngeal tumors have been well described as a cause of OSA. We describe a case of a mass originating in the carotid body resulting in severe OSA with hypersomnia resistant to positive pressure vent...

Adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate (cyclic AMP), 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) and homovanillic acid (HVA) were determined in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients with respiratory disorder and hypersomnia and in control patients. Patients with the sleep apnoea syndrome confirmed polygraphically showed elevated levels of cyclic AMP and 5-HIAA. Cyclic AMP levels were inversely correlated with art...

BACKGROUND Sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) and sleep-wake disturbances (SWD) are highly prevalent in stroke patients. Recent studies suggest that they represent both a risk factor and a consequence of stroke and affect stroke recovery, outcome, and recurrence. METHODS Review of literature. RESULTS Several studies have proven SDB to represent an independent risk factor for stroke. Sleep stu...

INTRODUCTION Sleep abnormalities, including narcolepsy and cataplexy, are a common feature of Prader-Willi syndrome. Long-term treatment with the central nervous system stimulant modafinil has not been reported. In this case report we present a longitudinal perspective of sleep abnormalities in a nine-year-old Caucasian girl with Prader-Willi syndrome from age two to age nine, and detail the re...

Kleine-Levin Syndrome (KLS) is a rare disorder characterized intermittent hypersomnia, hyperphagia, hypersexuality, abnormal behaviors, and confusion. Patients are asymptomatic between episodes. The aim of this case series study was to determine the clinical features of patients with KLS and to compare the polysomnography (PSG) findings between symptomatic and asymptomatic periods. We compared ...

Diffuse Idiopathic Skeletal Hyperostosis (DISH) can cause ossification of ligaments and may affect the spine. We report a case of obstructive sleep apnea in a patient with significant upper airway narrowing secondary to cervical DISH. This patient had an initial apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) of 145 events/hour and was treated with uvulopalatopharyngoplasty, genial tubercle advancement, hyoid suspe...

BACKGROUND Sleep disorders are associated with several types of degenerative dementias, including Alzheimer and prion diseases. Animal models have demonstrated abolition of rapid eye movement atonia, resulting in dream-enacting complex movements termed oneiric behavior, and patients with fatal familial insomnia may have vivid dreams that intrude on wakefulness. OBJECTIVE To describe a new for...

Abstract Introduction Idiopathic hypersomnia is a debilitating central disorder of hypersomnolence. The Real World Hypersomnia Outcomes Study (ARISE) assessed the symptoms and impact idiopathic hypersomnia. Methods US-based adults with or without long sleep time (LST; ≥11 hours in 24-hour period [self-reported]) completed an online survey assessing symptom severity (Epworth Sleepiness Scale [ES...