in the urban history of iran, “mashroote” era (the constitutional revolution) is considered as a turning point. in this period, the government had an organized and purposeful interference in the urban development of the country. another organized interference of the government, happened in 1960s. the effects of these movements were very significant in the growth of urban patterns and in the urb...

As is the case elsewhere in Asia, urbanization is growing at a rapid pace in Bangladesh. With the increased urbanization, the basic amenities of life are not expanding for the urbanites. Rather, the increased populations have been exerting continuous pressure on the existing limited facilities. The poor, who constitute a large portion (45 per cent) of the urban population, are the principal vic...

How and why is urban agriculture taken up into local food policies and sustainability plans? This paper uses a case study of urban agriculture policymaking in New York City from 2007 to 2011 to examine the power-laden operation of urban environmental governance. It explores several ‘faces of power,’ including overt authority, institutionalized ‘rules of the game,’ and hegemony. It also investig...

being very dynamic, natural and artificial land features are changing somewhat rapidly in over lifetime. it is important that such changes be inventoried accurately so that the physical and human processes at work can be more fully understood. change detection is a technique used in remote sensing to determine the changes in a particular object of study between two or more time periods. this re...

UK Regeneration exists amidst a ‘burgeoning’ literature which states an ongoing desire to improve the outcomes of urban policy (Henderson, Bowlby and Raco 2007). But concerns about the symbolic nature of urban policyleave this aspiration somewhat wanting (Atkinson 2000, Wilks-Heeg 1997, Mossberger and Stoker 1997). Stone (2002) suggests that the gap which exists between intention and outcome cr...

extended abstractintroductionone of the basic challenges of governments, especially in developing countries, is to organize the desired national spatial structure in the changing urbanization. such a structure allows us to divide economic and social functions in the urban and regional hierarchy in a balanced manner. in most provinces and territories of iran, the urban hierarchy has formed compl...

In a context of globalization, municipalities and metropolitan regions are involved in international competition to support economic growth. This leads to new forms of collaboration between public authorities and businesses, giving birth to new forms of urban and metropolitan governances. Moreover, many old neighborhoods of the central city and some districts of the old suburbs face growth in u...