Within the framework of the European MFSTEP project, an advanced multivariate sequential data assimilation system has been implemented to assimilate real chlorophyll data from the Sea-viewing Wide Field-of-view Sensor (SeaWiFS) into a threedimensional biochemical model of the Eastern Mediterranean. The physical ocean 5 is described through the Princeton Ocean Model (POM) while the biochemistry ...

Our perception of an object's size arises from the integration of multiple sources of visual information including retinal size, perceived distance and its size relative to other objects in the visual field. This constructive process is revealed through a number of classic size illusions such as the Delboeuf Illusion, the Ebbinghaus Illusion and others illustrating size constancy. Here we prese...

Unlike the typical design of data assimilation for numerical weather forecasting, initial value optimisation by chemical data assimilation for air quality simulations were often considered as unessential, as errors in initial values were regarded as of vanishing impact. Rather, air surface interactions, especially emissions are a driving forcing factor, while, at the same time, of insufficient ...

Data assimilation is the process of integrating observational data and model predictions to obtain an optimal representation of the state of the atmosphere. As more chemical observations in the troposphere are becoming available, chemical data assimilation is expected to play an essential role in air quality forecasting, similar to the role it has in numerical weather prediction. Considerable p...

“Everything that is visible has certain colour-properties” (Katz, 1911, p. 1). In this chapter we first discuss the structure and perceptual dimensions that are inherent to the attribute of colour itself. We then consider the strong organisational influence that colour can have on scenes, before considering the interplay of colour, form, depth and movement, to the extent that these interactions...

in the achromatic neon effect'' by Marc K Albertô Albert (1998) describes a number of visual displays, which he uses to argue against current models of neon color spreading. He particularly emphasizes models which I and my colleagues have developed. He erroneously concludes that our models cannot explain the percepts that are generated by these displays. I am writing to set the record straight....

The term "size contrast and assimilation" refers to a large class of geometrical illusions in which the apparent sizes of identical visual targets in various contexts are different. Here we have examined whether these intriguing discrepancies between physical and perceived size can be explained by a visual process in which percepts are determined by the probability distribution of the possible ...