Rhodobacter sphaeroides cells were tethered by their flagella and subjected to increasing and decreasing nutrient gradients. Using motion analysis, changes in flagellar motor rotation were measured and the responses of the cells to the chemotactic gradients were determined. The steepness and concentration ranges of increasing and decreasing gradients were varied, and the bacterial responses wer...

There is, as is well known, a peculiar phase of sleep which is known by different names; paradoxical phase (p. p) (JOUVET 1960), activated sleep (DEMENT 1958), early morning sleep (GIBBS and GIBBS 1950), recently REMP (KLEITMAN and DEMENT 1957) and so on. The major features of this stage are: LVFA (low voltage fast activity) or waking pattern in EEG, behavioral deep sleep with high sensory thre...

The retina is one of the best known quantum detectors with rods able to reliably respond to single photons. However, estimates on the number of photons eliciting conscious perception, based on signal detection theory, are systematically above these values after discounting by retinal losses. One possibility is that there is a trade-off between the limited motor resources available to living sys...

In this paper, the single machine replacement problem is being modeled into the frameworks of stochastic dynamic programming and control threshold policy, where some properties of the optimal values of the control thresholds are derived. Using these properties and by minimizing a cost function, the optimal values of two control thresholds for the time between productions of two successive nonco...

Speech detection threshold (SDT) depends on audibility alone, whereas speech recognition (SRT) requires the stimuli to be heard and identified. The aim of study was determine difference between SDT SRT, analyze correlation pure tone thresholds thresholds. Difference SRT ? 12 dB in majority cases (p = .018). strongly correlated with best threshold. Pearson coefficient highest “Inverted U” shape ...

the purpose of this study is to find the percentiles of fuzzy numbersand to demonstrate their applications, which include finding weightedmeans, dispersion indices, and the percentile intervals of fuzzy numbers. thecrisp approximations of fuzzy numbers introduced in this paper are new andinteresting for the comparison of fuzzy environments, such as a variety of economic,financial, and engineeri...

low birth weight ( lbw, birth weight<2500g) is a significant health problem of children. many studies have made it apparent that there is a direct relationship between low birth weight and infant motality. one of the most important measurements to prevent children morbidity is growth monitoring and the present study was set up to compare the growth indexes of 2 year old children born with low w...

RESULTS: Patients undergoing implant-based reconstruction, subjected to the new protocol, demonstrated a decreased length of stay. Utilizing standardized surveys, improvements in pain control were demonstrated with a percentile ranking change from 88 to 99 percentile, pain management summary score improvement from 62 to 99 percentile, and improvement in pain control ranking from 27 to 99 percen...

RESULTS: Patients undergoing implant-based reconstruction, subjected to the new protocol, demonstrated a decreased length of stay. Utilizing standardized surveys, improvements in pain control were demonstrated with a percentile ranking change from 88 to 99 percentile, pain management summary score improvement from 62 to 99 percentile, and improvement in pain control ranking from 27 to 99 percen...