Power systems are frequently subjected to large disturbances such as lightning strikes and feeder trips. Dynamic response of the power system to these disturbances may involve large deviations from normal conditions, or even instability. Therefore, analysis of dynamic behavior through modeling plays an important role in understanding historical events (such as the recent U.S./Canadian blackout)...

Electrical energy plays an important role in supporting daily human activities. The need for electrical always increases according to population growth. However, the supply of is not proportional To meet demand energy, it necessary develop and use alternative such as solar energy. In this paper, prototype Automatic Transfer Switch (ATS) PLN power plant (SPP) carried out so that load can be dist...

This paper addresses the Tardy/Lost penalty minimization on a single machine. According to this penalty criterion, if the tardiness of a job exceeds a predefined value, the job will be lost and penalized by a fixed value. Besides its application in real world problems, Tardy/Lost measure is a general form for popular objective functions like weighted tardiness, late work and tardiness with reje...

This paper presents a multi-criteria vehicle routing problem with soft time windows (VRPSTW) to mini-mize fleet cost, routes cost, and violation of soft time windows penalty. In this case, the fleet is heterogene-ous. The VRPSTW consists of a number of constraints in which vehicles are allowed to serve customers out of the desirable time window by a penalty. It is assumed that this relaxation a...

The purpose of this paper is to study the behavior of elastic-plastic stresses under severe drag braking. A railway wheel performs three tasks, aiding in trian movement, supporting the car load, and acting as a brake drum. Finite element computer programs are developed for elasto-plastic stress analysis. An attempt is made here to find an improved fillet profile of the wheel with the intention ...