A fractionation procedure for annexins involving Ca2(+)-dependent binding to exogenous phospholipid was applied to tomato suspension culture cells. Two polypeptides (34 kDa and 35.5 kDa) were purified and separated from each other and from contaminant pectic polysaccharide by ion-exchange chromatography. After proteolytic digestion of SDS/PAGE-purified products, N-terminal sequencing of the pep...

The crude polysaccharide SSa, obtained from the roots of Sophora subprostrata by boiling-water extraction and ethanol precipitation, was fractionated by anion-exchange and gel permeation chromatography, giving four polysaccharide fractions termed SSa1, SSa2, SSa3, and SSa4. Their structural features were investigated by sugar analysis, methylation analysis, partial hydrolysis, and NMR spectrosc...

The gene pelA encoding a pectate lyase from the strain Bacillus sp. BP-23 was cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli. The nucleotide sequence of a 1214 bp DNA fragment containing pelA gene was determined, revealing an ORF of 666 nucleotides that encoded a protein of 23233 Da. The deduced amino acid sequence of the encoded enzyme showed homology to pectate lyases A, B, C and D from Fusarium so...

Different extraction pH values obtain polysaccharides with tailored structures and novel functionalities. This study investigated the influence of different (4.2, 6.8, 9.2) on physicochemical compositions structural functional properties okra leaf (OLPs). The yield (2.74–7.34%), molecular weights (68.5–85.4 kDa), total sugar contents (64.87–95.68%), degree acetylation (18.28–22.88%), methylatio...

Polygalacturonic acid (PGA) synthase successively transfers galacturonic acid to oligogalacturonic acid by an alpha1,4-linkage to synthesize PGA, the backbone of plant pectic homogalacturonan. PGA synthase has not been purified to date due to its instability in vitro. In this study, we found stable conditions in vitro and separated a minimum active component of the enzymes from pea and azuki be...

Pectic oligomers induced a rapid, transient increase in ethylene biosynthesis when added to pear cells in suspension culture. The rate of ethylene biosynthesis increased within 30 to 40 minutes after oligomer addition, reached a maximum between 90 and 120 minutes after addition, and then decreased to basal rates of synthesis. Both the rapid increase and decrease in biosynthesis appear to be pre...

Heat-labile elicitors of phytoalexin accumulation in soybeans (Glycine max L. Merr. cv Wayne) were detected in culture filtrates of Erwinia carotovora grown on a defined medium containing citrus pectin as the sole carbon source. The heat-labile elicitors were highly purified by cation-exchange chromatography on a CM-Sephadex (C-50) column, followed by agarose-affinity chromatography on a Bio-Ge...

1. The specimen of polygalacturonic acid used in these studies was shown to contain very little neutral sugar, methyl ester groups or ash, and only residues of galacturonic acid. Its electrophoretic homogeneity was examined in pyridine-acetic acid buffer at pH6.5 and in borate buffer at pH9.2. The distribution of effective particle weights was shown to be fairly narrow. 2. The pH-titration curv...