apple scar skin viroid (assvd) is one of the most destructive viroid diseases in pome fruits orchards which can cause significant economic losses. symptoms of this viroid including scaring, distortion and dappling were seen in some apple orchards in east-northern of iran. sampling was carried out from apple and pear orchards. the rna was extracted by silica capture method from leaves. assvd was...

Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the notch and shape variations glenoid cavity (GC), emphasize its clinical importance, compare it with previous studies. Material Methods: This performed 157 (78 right sides, 79 left sides) adult Anatolian dry scapulae. GCs were typed as oval, pear, inverted comma shaped noted number GC notch. Results: most common found pear 63 (80.8%) at side, 49 (62...

The objective was to evaluate the effect of different irrigation systems and harvest frequencies on cultivation cactus pear. study conducted in semi-arid region, municipality Russas, CE, Brazil. experiment a split plot randomized block design, with four replications. Plots were represented by (surface drip, microsprinkler, Micro Spray Jet, conventional sprinkler) subplots (6, 9, 12, 18 months)....

Crude wild pear lipoxygenase (LOX) from ripe Kurdistan wild pears was used in this study. Extracted crude LOX was assayed spectrophotometrically for raw, ripe wild pear lipoxygenase and after 7-day storage. The effects of different buffers and pHs, substrate preparations, temperature, inhibitors and metal ions on LOX activity were evaluated at three conditions. The enzyme was most active with H...

Nitric oxide (NO), an endogenous signaling molecule, is involved in various physiological processes and stress responses in plants. In the present research, Pyrodwarf pear (Pyrus communis) rootstocks were grown by nutrient solution to investigate the effects of sodium nitroprusside (SNP) application as an NO donor at 0, 0.1, 0.5, and 1 mM levels on plant stress tolerance, content of ma...

Monitoring of pear psylla (Cacopsylla pyricola (Förster), Hemiptera: Psyllidae) prior to spring bud break could aid in predicting the size of subsequent spring populations and lead to improved proactive management decisions. Yellow traps are commonly used to monitor hemipteran pests including pear psylla, but very little is known regarding seasonal changes in attractiveness of yellow traps or r...