In this work, we designed a narrow-band filter based on one-dimensional photonic crystal heterostructure featuring an angle-adjustable single-channel. The design presented here is quarter-wave reflector with mirror defect layer in the middle of structure. By combining two defective crystals (PCs), obtained which sub-PCs had wavelengths their modes, that is, same at one incident angle and differ...

in the past decades, we have witnessed a renascence of interest in vocabulary assessment (bachman, 2000). however, most researchers have focused on testing breadth rather than depth of vocabulary or receptive-productive dimensions of vocabulary knowledge (read, 2000; nation, 2001; wesche & paribahkt, 1996). the present research investigates the predicting variables of vocabulary knowledge acros...

Question: How does the evolution of a key adaptation affect niche breadth during an adaptive radiation? Organisms: Cenozoic horse and camel species, as well as Pleistocene ungulates. Predictions: Niche breadth theoretically could increase, decrease or remain the same as attainment of a key adaptation facilitates a niche shift. Simpson predicted a decrease in niche breadth (ecological specializa...

osteoporosis is a major public health problem in iran. bone densitometry is used to diagnose osteopenia and osteoporosis and if necessary, prevent bone fractures, especially that of femoral neck. bone density is related to several factors including race, age, sex, environmental factors and nutrition. no comprehensive study has been performed in iran, yet. among the 10 to 75 year-old population ...

An independent set of three vertices is called an asteroidal triple if between each pair in the triple there exists a path that avoids the neighborhood of the third. A graph is asteroidal triplefree (AT-free) if it contains no asteroidal triple. The motivation for this investigation is provided, in part, by the fact that AT-free graphs offer a common generalization of interval, permutation, tra...

Herbivorous insect species with narrow diet breadth are expected to be more prone to genetic differentiation than insect species with a wider diet breadth. However, a generalist can behave as a local specialist if a single host-plant species is locally available, while a specialist can eventually behave as a generalist if its preferred host is not available. These problems can be addressed by c...

in the management and evaluation of asthma, simple instruments for measurements of peak expiratory flow rate (pefr) are necessary. the aim of this study was to determine normal pefr of the healthy children in babol, iran. this study was randomly done on 1050 students (primary and secondary schools) in babol. mini-wright peak flow meter was used for measurement of pefr. the range of age, weight ...

surat is a highly developed, thickly populated cosmopolitan character city with full of various activities going on day and night. any natural calamity which causes loss of lives to property and infrastructure along with effects on industrial processes going on has serious impact on economy of the state. therefore, it becomes highly necessary that flood events are studied and analyzed properly ...

a considerable amount of energy is released in the form of shock wave from explosive charge detonation. shock wave energy is responsible for the creation of crushing and fracture zone around the blast hole. the rest of the shock wave energy is transferred to rock mass as ground vibration. ground vibration is conveyed to the adjacent structures by body and surface waves. geological structures li...

We find the asymptotic number of connected graphs with k vertices and k − 1 + l edges when k, l approach infinity, reproving a result of Bender, Canfield and McKay. We use the probabilistic method, analyzing breadth-first search on the random graph G(k, p) for an appropriate edge probability p. Central is analysis of a random walk with fixed beginning and end which is tilted to the left.