A 57-year-old woman with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and limited systemic sclerosis (lSSc) was suspected to have lymphadenopathy and primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC). Lymph node biopsy showed reactive follicular lymphadenopathy with intrafollicular plasmacyte infiltration that was interleukin-6 positive by immunohistostaining. Because of gradually worsening arthritis, tocilizumab was administered ...

Etiology Increased frequency in family members of patients with primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) suggests that there are genetically determined susceptibility factors. Several etiological factors, including infectious agents, environmental toxins or drugs, and abnormal or toxic bile acids, have been suggested as having putative roles in the development of PBC. Similar to other presumed autoimmun...

Background: In radiation therapy, the peripheral dose is important when anatomical structures with very low dose tolerances are involved. In this study, the two available calculation algorithms of the Varian Eclipse 8.6 treatment planning system(TPS), the anisotropic analytic algorithm (AAA) and pencil-beam convolution (PBC) was used to compare measured and calculated peripheral dose distributi...

The immunodominant antimitochondrial antibody response in patients with primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) is directed against the E2 component of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDC-E2). Based on our earlier observations regarding peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) T cell epitopes, we reasoned that a comparative analysis of the precursor frequencies of PDC-E2 163-176-specific T cells is...

In this study, we examined temporal changes in the incidence of primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) and investigated associations between PBC incidence and sociodemographic factors and spatial clustering. We included 982 patients aged ≥40 years fromNorth East England with incident PBC diagnosed during 1987–2003. Age-standardized incidence rates with 95% confidence intervals were calculated. Negativ...

BACKGROUND Chronic liver disease is characterised by excessive deposition of collagen and other extracellular matrix proteins, produced mainly, but not exclusively, by activated hepatic stellate cells in the perisinusoidal space. In primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) fibrosis is concentrated mainly around the portal tracts. AIMS To examine the hypothesis that, in addition to hepatic stellate cel...

Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) and primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) are poorly understood autoimmune liver diseases. Immunosuppression is used to treat AIH and ursodeoxycholic acid is used to slow the progression of PBC. Nevertheless, a proportion of patients with both disorders progress to liver failure. Following liver transplantation, up to a third of patients with PBC experience recurrent diseas...

UNLABELLED Substantial evidence supports dysregulated B-cell immune responses in patients with primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC), including the presence of serum antimitochondrial antibodies (AMAs). However, recent reports from murine models of PBC suggest that B cells may also provide regulatory function, and indeed the absence of B cells in such models leads to exacerbation of disease. The vast...

The voltage source converter-high voltage direct current (VSC-HVDC) transmission is the ideal integration technology for grid-connected wind farms. A passivity-based control (PBC) method for VSC-HVDC when the wind farm voltage is unbalanced is proposed in this paper. The mathematical model of a VSC with unbalanced voltage is established. The PBC theory including dissipation inequality and syste...

We read with interest the recent letter to the editor entitled “Primary Biliary Cirrhosis: Time to Replace a Misnomer” published by Wahl et al. We congratulate the authors for their study based on interviewing new patients and opening again the debate for the name of primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC). The authors concluded that it is time to replace this misnomer with an adequate name for the dis...