The extensive research done on the interrelationship between different social factors such as social class, gender and age and different linguistic variables has shown that these factors have important effects on the way language is used. Among these factors a special importance can be placed on age due to the role it plays in revealing different patterns of language use, such as the age-gradin...

Language transfer helps in the acquisition of a second language (L2) when target L2 shares similarities with first (L1). We ask: Does proficiency an facilitate structurally similar L3? Or, does training any help L3 acquisition? investigated learners’ ability to reproduce rhythm novel L3, Indonesian, as function their exposure rhythm-similar (French) or rhythm-divergent (German). Twelve English-...

In this paper we propose the use of pattern languages to guide a framework instantiation. Both the framework and the pattern language refer to the same domain, and the framework must have been constructed based on the pattern language. The framework instantiation here proposed is done in several steps: analysis of the specific application, mapping between the application and the framework, impl...

Assigning class responsibility is a design decision to be made early in the phase software development, which bridges requirements and an analysis model. In general, assigning relies heavily on expertise experience of developer, it often ad-hoc. Class assignment rules are hard uniformly defined across various domains systems. Thus, existing work describes general stepwise guidelines without con...