Passive solar system design is an essential asset in a zero-energy building perspective to reduce heating, cooling, lighting, and ventilation loads. The integration of passive systems leads reduction plant operation with considerable environmental benefits. can be related intrinsic extrinsic factors that influence the final performance synergistic way. aim this paper provide comprehensive view ...

Global waste production has raised recently due to numerous agricultural and industrial activities. Among other actions devoted to waste reduction, revaluation seems to be the most advantageous one from an environmental and economic point of view. In the olive oil sector, by-product management (namely olive pomace, olive mill wastewater, and sludge residue) poses serious problems for companies,...

Among solar passive systems integrated in buildings, sunspaces or solar greenhouses represent a very interesting solution. A sunspace is a closed, southbound volume, constituted by transparent surfaces, adjacent to a building, which reduces winter energy demand thanks to the use of solar gains. The effect of a typical solar greenhouse on the energy balance of a building was evaluated during the...

Under natural sunlight illumination, the chlorophyll fluorescence emitted by the vegetation represents less than 3% of the reflected light in the near infrared part of the spectrum. This small amount is difficult to quantify except at certain wavelengths, where the solar spectrum is attenuated (Fraunhofer lines). An instrument measuring the in-filling of the atmospheric oxygen absorption band a...

solar flare events of high importance were utilised to study solar latitudinal frequency distribution of the solar flares in northern and southern hemisphere for the solar cycle 22 to recent solar cycle 23. a statistical analysis was performed to obtain their relationship with sudden storm commencement (sscs) and forbush decrease events (fd) of cosmic ray intensity. an 11-year cyclic variation ...

Energy is one of the building blocks of modern society. The growth of the modern society has been fueled by cheap, abundant energy resources. Since the Industrial Revolution, the world concentrated on fossil fuels to provide energy needed for running factories, transportation, electricity generation, homes and buildings. In parallel to the increase in the consumption of energy, living standards...

Since the energy consumption has become one of the crisis of modern buildings, modeling the Iranian past architecture patterns could be helpful. The shopping streets as one of the main sectors consuming energy locate near the open spaces it seems, therefore, they need more thermal comfort. However, using passive techniques, the Iranian traditional bazaars architecture solved the problems regard...