In this paper, we employ the finite state machine (FSM) model for networks to investigate fault identification using passive testing. First, we introduce the concept of passive testing. Then, we introduce the FSM model with necessary assumptions and justification. We introduce the fault model and the fault detection algorithm using passive testing. Extending this result, we develop the theorems...

BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to determine the incidence and seasonal pattern of malaria in children in South-West Burkina Faso, and to compare, in a randomized trial, characteristics of cases detected by active and passive surveillance. This study also enabled the planning of a malaria vaccine trial. METHODS Households with young children, located within 5 kilometers of a health facil...

Submerged passive acoustic technology allows researchers to investigate spatial and temporal movement patterns of many marine and freshwater species. The technology uses receivers to detect and record acoustic transmissions emitted from tags attached to an individual. Acoustic signal strength naturally attenuates over distance, but numerous environmental variables also affect the probability a ...

Vibrating mechanical structure characterization is demonstrated using contactless techniques best suited for mobile and rotating equipments. Fast measurement rates are achieved using Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) devices as real-time digital signal processors. Two kinds of algorithms are implemented on FPGA and experimentally validated in the case of the vibrating tuning fork. A first ap...

in recent years, based on the growing importance of clean energy in comparison with conventional energy production from fossil fuels, dg systems are gradually becoming more popular all over the world. these resources solve many problem of system. however, these resources create some other problems too. one of the most problem of dgs is unwanted islanding. this paper addresses reliable passive i...

We present a multi-wavelength study of the nature of the SDSS galaxies divided into fine classes based on their morphology, colour and spectral features. The SDSS galaxies are classified into early-type and late-type; red and blue; passive, HII, Seyfert and LINER, which returns a total of 16 fine classes of galaxies. The properties of galaxies in each fine class are investigated from radio to X...

OBJECTIVE The research objective of the present investigation is to demonstrate the present status of passive in-vehicle driver breath alcohol detection and highlight the necessary conditions for large-scale implementation of such a system. Completely passive detection has remained a challenge mainly because of the requirements on signal resolution combined with the constraints of vehicle integ...

The TOPAS / TDS D system combines the advantages of the passive sampling of badge-type passive samplers with thermal desorption for sample transfer to the gas chromatography system. The large surface and the sampler’s short diffusion path permit high sampling rates. Use of thermal desorption as a sample transfer technique avoids the necessity for time consuming sample preparation and allows low...

Degenerate optimal control problems are defined as those which have some latent passive differential or finite-difference constraints. They are typical for applications, but irregular for general methods. In this paper an analytical survey is presented of special methods developed starting from the 1960s and based, in essence, on detection and elimination of passive constraints, and some import...