BACKGROUND Studies in Asia, Europe, and the Americas have provided evidence that ambient air pollution may have an adverse effect on birth weight, although results are not consistent. METHODS Average exposure during pregnancy to five common air pollutants was estimated for births in metropolitan Sydney between 1998 and 2000. The effects of pollutant exposure in the first, second, and third tr...

OBJECTIVES This study was conducted to assess the size characteristics of particulate matter (PM) generated during waste collection and sorting, and to assess the effect of the type of waste-handling activity on levels of coarse and fine PM. METHODS A portable aerosol spectrometer calibrated to 1.2 //min was used to monitor PM generated during four types of waste-handling activities. The type...

BACKGROUND Panel studies have been used to investigate the short term effects of outdoor particulate air pollution across a wide range of environmental settings. AIMS To systematically review the results of such studies in children, estimate summary measures of effect, and investigate potential sources of heterogeneity. METHODS Studies were identified by searching electronic databases to Ju...

Numerous studies have shown a positive association between daily mortality and particulate air pollution, even at concentrations below regulatory limits. These findings have motivated interest in the shape of the exposure-response relation. The authors have developed flexible modeling strategies for time-series data that include spline and threshold exposure-response models; they apply these mo...

Health of every living being is dependent on level pollutant in the environment, weather condition, etc, which are interrelated and influencing each other. Presence pollution particles high percentage such as particulate matter size 10 2.5 (PM10, PM25) microns creates higher risk lung functionality, respiratory disease reduces cardio functionality; also affects quality water sources. Rainfall, ...

Mining activities mainly deal with the excavation of raw material from earth’s crust. The sources of particulate matter (PM) emission in opencast coal mines include blasting and drilling operations, coal handling plant operation, loading and transport of overburden and coal by shovel-dumper combination, crushing, conveying and handling of overburden by draglines, and vehicular emission from unp...

Background: Sampling was conducted on particles smaller than ten microns (PM10) in a high-traffic urban region once a week for two years in which fifteen heavy metals were measured. Methods: positive matrix factorization (EPA-PMF5), was used for source apportionment and characterization of the collected PM10. Assessment of cancer risk resulting from metals including arsenic, cadmium, chromiu...

BACKGROUND There is growing evidence that air pollutants are associated with the risk of type 2 diabetes. Subclinical inflammation may be a mechanism linking air pollution with diabetes. Information is lacking whether air pollution also contributes to worse metabolic control in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes. We examined the hypothesis that residential particulate matter (PM10) is associated w...

Inhalable particulate matter (PM10) is a primary air pollutant closely related to public health, and an especially serious problem in urban areas. The urban heat island (UHI) effect has made the urban PM10 pollution situation more complex and severe. In this study, we established a health risk assessment system utilizing an epidemiological method taking the thermal environment effects into cons...