Pulmonary aspergillosis may occur either as a primary or secondary infection. Primary infection is rare and occurs in people dealing with grain contaminated by fungus, e.g. agricultural workers, and in people handling pigeons and parrots. Secondary infection may occur as a superimposed infection on the abnormal pulmonary condition, e.g. bronchial carcinoma, pneumoconiosis, tuberculosis or bronc...

be a potential hazard for invading species. Avian malaria should therefore be considered a threat for exotic parrots in Europe until results of further epidemiologic and experimental studies are available. Because many European bird species have been introduced to the native range of the psittacines studied here, a concern has been expressed that these parasites already have become established ...

E theory offers predictions, sometimes conflicting, about the ecological characteristics of species that correlate with their risk of extinction. It is generally agreed that risk should be higher for species with small populations, small geographic ranges, and poor dispersal ability than for their ecological counterparts (1–3). How suites of life history characteristics affect risk of extinctio...

Les travaux d’inventaire des perroquets sont rares au Cameroun. Pour inventorier les perroquets, déterminer leurs relations avec la végétation et menaces qu’ils rencontrent, 10 transects en lignes parallèles mesurant 2 km de long espacés 30 ont été choisis hasard dans zone d’étude (4°10 – 5°20 N ; 10°30 11°50 E), constituée du site Mbam Inoubou à prédominance savane Kim forestière. simultanémen...

Learning has been traditionally thought to accelerate the evolutionary change of behavioural traits. We evaluated the evolutionary rate of learned vocalizations and the interplay of morphology and ecology in the evolution of these signals. We examined contact calls of 51 species of Neotropical parrots from the tribe Arini. Parrots are ideal subjects due to their wide range of body sizes and hab...