Influenza remains a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in the United States. Vaccinating school-aged children has been demonstrated to be beneficial to the child and in reducing viral transmission to vulnerable groups such as the elderly. This qualitative study sought to identify reasons parents and students participated in a school-based influenza vaccination clinic and to characteri...

OBJECTIVES To estimate HIV prevalence and characterize risk factors among young adults in Asembo, rural western Kenya. DESIGN Community-based cross-sectional survey. METHODS From a demographic surveillance system, we selected a random sample of residents aged 13-34 years, who were contacted at home and invited to a nearby mobile study site. Consent procedures for non-emancipated minors requ...

Parental Leave – A Policy Evaluation of the Swedish “Daddy-Month” Reform Many countries are trying to incentivize fathers to increase their share in parental leave and in household work to improve female labor market opportunities. Our unique data set stems from a natural experiment in Sweden. The data comprises all children born before (control group) and after the reform (treatment group) in ...

Biased sampling of participants presents a major limiting factor for the generalizability of findings from behavioral studies. This effect may be especially pronounced in developmental studies, where parents serve as both the primary environmental input and decide whether their child participates in a study. To estimate the effects of parental non-consent, we coupled naturalistic observations o...

The article focuses on the justification provided by classical contract theory for the right of states to enact laws and the corresponding obligation of political allegiance. At first the distinction between political authority and parental authority developed by John Locke in his seminal work “Two Treatises of Government” is explored. Thereafter it is discussed why the interests of individuals...

This paper examines the social parameters surrounding the management of informed consent procedures for the parents of young deaf children for the surgical fitting of a cochlear implant ('bionic ear') to their child. Although most observers of this remarkable and well publicised medical development only see benefits in its use, the authors examine the nature of the conflict which has emerged be...

Minor-aged patients are often brought to the pediatrician for nonurgent acute medical care, physical examinations, or health supervision visits by someone other than their legally authorized representative, which, in most situations, is a parent. These surrogates or proxies can be members of the child’s extended family, such as a grandparent, adult sibling, or aunt/uncle; a noncustodial parent ...

Background: Adolescent health care in family practice at times creates conflicting responsibilities for parents and their teenagers. In the context of a new adolescent preventive health program in a family practice setting, we compared attendance rates using two invitation protocols, the protocols differing in their emphasis on adolescent autonomy vs parental responsibility. Methods: One hundre...